If the RTD is open, or if the customer applies +24 volts to E+ or something, the diode in series with E+ back-biases. Then the current flows to +5 through the other diode, keeping the current source closed-loop.
The current source is a voltage reference, opamp, pmos fet, and precision resistor. This sort of thing, but sourcing:
I'll add a mux to allow for four different currents down to 1 uA, so I can do other sensors, like thermistors and cryo diodes and stuff. I guess it could process an LM45 type IC, too, with the current source being the power supply.
I want 4-wire sensing of a range of devices. The initial customer just wants 100 ohm RTDs, but we may as well generalize the design some so other people might buy it.