Jim Granville wrote: : Ben Bradley wrote: :> :> In comp.arch.embedded, "Ulf Samuelsson" wrote: :> >Fun for the homebrewers, but violates some patents according to the AVR :> >design centre ... :> >(Do not know which particular patents though) :> :> Are you saying that Atmel have a patent on any device that executes :> the AVR instruction set, or some similar Intellectual Property :> protection on AVR?
They probabely have. In the US at least...
:> I recall Zilog making the Z80 (a quarter century ago! I'm getting :> old), which executes the Intel 8080 instruction set (as well as newer, :> 'enhanced' instructions). As I remember the story, Intel had copyright :> on their 8080 mnemonics, so Zilog used different mnemonics for the :> same instructions.
Biiig difference. A quarter of a century ago copyright coverage was still bounded and there was this provisions for 'fair use.' Interestingly, this opened up the market for both large and - more importantely - small competitors. This will not do, and hence the large multinational cooperations have successfully managed to 'tune' copyright laws into a strangulation of competition. It is always the same people[politicans] that talks the warmest of free market forces that are the first to limit them in favor of the establishment.
:> I don't recall that Intel took any legal action against a :> competitor making an 8080-compatible processor, but I expect that more :> recently manufacturers would consider their instruction sets and :> processor operations to be their own intellectual property, and :> protect them accordingly.
They did not. What they OTOH did was to lobby the senate into placing high import duties as a 'counter dumping measure' agains japaneese industry. This proved highly successful. Without it, there would be no Intel or Motorola today. Remember the NEC V20? : It's std 'turf protection', but first they have to know you are : using 'their IP' in your soft core, plus they also have to be worried : enough to harness the lawyers.
This will not do in Europe (yet.) In the US, the POT will gladly issue patents on plain instruction sets. Even local buses - remeber when we still had interchangeable socket-7 motherboards? This is recent history. And it is growing worse, fast... : Patents have a finite life, region of 18-20 yrs. : So the 80C51 is now 'fully open', which is one reason it is a popular : soft-core.
To qoute a reference I can no longer recall the origin of, but anyway: "Every time Mickey Mouse is in peril, copyright protection is extended."