need help on filters - pyroelectric detectors

hi

I need ur help. I want to know wat sort of filtering is done in the first and in second stage!

I think in the first stage they have used high pass filtering and in the second stage it is just amplification of the output from the first op amp, the first stage.

Also, I wud like to know the reason for using a pull down resistor.

I wud really appreciate ur help on this. thank you.

Natty.

There are a combination of filter effects in both stages.

C3 R4 provide a low pass corner (capacitor in feedback path increases negative feedback when impedance of capacitor falls below resistor impedance as frequency rises) at 1/(2*pi*R*C)=1.6 Hz.

C2 R3 provide a second low pass corner by reducing feedback as impedance of C2 falls below that of R3 as frequency rises, at the same

Then the output of the first stage is coupled to the second stage through a high pass filter, C4 R5. it rolls off signals below 1.6 Hz.

The feedback of the second stage increases above 1.6 Hz, causing its gain to roll off at that frequency, for another low pass pole.

The net affect of these 3 low pass poles and one high pass pole is a band pass filter with a peak response just below 1.6 Hz.

The first stage has a gain of about 51 at the overall peak response frequency, and the second stage has a gain of another 50 at that frequency. Total overall gain of 51*50=2550.

The signal is converted to a digital state by two comparators whose outputs are connected through diodes that only allow the comparators to pull up. When both comparators output a low voltage, both diodes are turned off, so the combination would just float if the pull down resistor were not there to influence the voltage down to ground (provide a discharge path for the charge stored on the logic chip input when one of the diodes had previously turned on and charged it up to almost 5 volts).

By the way, one comparator pulls the output up when the signal goes positive by more than a diode drop, and one pulls up when the signal swings negative by more than a diode drop. So any change at about 1.6 Hz from the average level is detected. The diode drop shifts from average signal are defined by D1 and D2.

If you're interested, here is the data sheet for the timer chip that cleans up the signal pulses into an "on time":

As I see it there are two cascaded bandpass filters with 1.6Hz center frequency, even if the first stays at -40dB for very low frequencies. The Q is 0.25, which means the bandwidth is 0.8 to 3.2Hz. the 1C and 1D form a window comparator, which goes high for > +/-0.5V signal voltage. the pulldown is needed for this kind of diode/diode logic.