Widlar's Early Treatise on Semiconductors

Widlar's Early Treatise on Semiconductors, so large a file to E-mail, I put it up on my website so you can download it...

...Jim Thompson

-- | James E.Thompson | mens | | Analog Innovations | et | | Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems | manus | | San Tan Valley, AZ 85142 Skype: skypeanalog | | | Voice:(480)460-2350 Fax: Available upon request | Brass Rat | | E-mail Icon at

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| 1962 | I love to cook with wine. Sometimes I even put it in the food.

Reply to
Jim Thompson
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Note fig 1.4, the military convention for current flow!

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John Larkin         Highland Technology, Inc 

jlarkin att highlandtechnology dott com 
http://www.highlandtechnology.com
Reply to
John Larkin

That's not the "military" convention, that's the "physics" convention. Ask Hobbs ;-) ...Jim Thompson

--
| James E.Thompson                                 |    mens     | 
| Analog Innovations                               |     et      | 
| Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems  |    manus    | 
| San Tan Valley, AZ 85142     Skype: skypeanalog  |             | 
| Voice:(480)460-2350  Fax: Available upon request |  Brass Rat  | 
| E-mail Icon at http://www.analog-innovations.com |    1962     | 
              
I love to cook with wine.     Sometimes I even put it in the food.
Reply to
Jim Thompson

The US military, and a couple of the Heald-class trade schools, taught electron-flow convention. That messed up a lot of people.

I took physics in college, and EE courses simultaneously, and both used the conventional current flow sign.

--

John Larkin         Highland Technology, Inc 

jlarkin att highlandtechnology dott com 
http://www.highlandtechnology.com
Reply to
John Larkin

...Jim Thompson

Ho humm... it's current. Period. Current means charge flow. Charge flow flow don't make sense.

Kevin Aylward

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- SuperSpice

Reply to
Kevin Aylward

Yay, Kevin, good comment!

Reply to
John S

At MIT, in the Physics department, I took only Classical Mechanics and Quantum Physics.

Electromagnetics was under the EE department, as were Germanium transistors ;-)

Advanced Mechanics (and Strength of Materials) I took under the ME department (I was in the Honors EE Program and had to take "electives" as if I were majoring in that department).

And lots of annoying Chemistry classes :-(

But great fun with 5 semesters of Calculus thru tensors. ...Jim Thompson

--
| James E.Thompson                                 |    mens     | 
| Analog Innovations                               |     et      | 
| Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems  |    manus    | 
| San Tan Valley, AZ 85142     Skype: skypeanalog  |             | 
| Voice:(480)460-2350  Fax: Available upon request |  Brass Rat  | 
| E-mail Icon at http://www.analog-innovations.com |    1962     | 
              
I love to cook with wine.     Sometimes I even put it in the food.
Reply to
Jim Thompson

Nah, there's current density, current crowding, current hogging, displacement current, and all sorts of things that aren't just current.

Displacement current especially--that exists in a charge-free vacuum, so "current" ain't just charge flow.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs 
Principal Consultant 
ElectroOptical Innovations LLC 
Optics, Electro-optics, Photonics, Analog Electronics 

160 North State Road #203 
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510 

hobbs at electrooptical dot net 
http://electrooptical.net
Reply to
Phil Hobbs

Only 5 semesters of math? What were you, the layout guy? ;)

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs 
Principal Consultant 
ElectroOptical Innovations LLC 
Optics, Electro-optics, Photonics, Analog Electronics 

160 North State Road #203 
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510 

hobbs at electrooptical dot net 
http://electrooptical.net
Reply to
Phil Hobbs

No such thing...and it's no damned "treatise"- probably follows the same fo rmat as the tons of other programmed learning courses of the day authored b y staff at places like GE and RCA. IIRC Widlar hadn't even attended college at the time, so his comprehension was most likely less than profound.

Reply to
bloggs.fredbloggs.fred

We had two semesters of general physics, taught by the Physics department. It was classical mechanics and some electricity, up to the point of solving simple DC circuits.

Yeah, chemistry was horrible.

I had about a week of calculus. Our PhD math instructor was gaga for set theory, so spend most of the time on that. He covered calculus as quick as he could. Our EE Electromagnetics instructor was brilliant, lazy, and had such a thick Japanese accent that nobody could understand him. He was also our EE lab instructor; he'd leave after 5 minutes, we'd leave after 10, and we faked all the lab reports in one all-nighter at the end of the semester. If you know enough to fake the lab data, you know enough.

That's when I started doing system simulations, first on an HP9100 programmable calculator, then a PDP-8, then a PDP-11. My first close-loop controller design was for a 32,000 HP steamship, and it behaved just like the sim. The loop was wildly nonlinear, not suited at all to analytical solutions.

--

John Larkin         Highland Technology, Inc 

jlarkin att highlandtechnology dott com 
http://www.highlandtechnology.com
Reply to
John Larkin
[snip]

Absolutely! At MIT we called it "dry lab" ;-) ...Jim Thompson

-- | James E.Thompson | mens | | Analog Innovations | et | | Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems | manus | | San Tan Valley, AZ 85142 Skype: skypeanalog | | | Voice:(480)460-2350 Fax: Available upon request | Brass Rat | | E-mail Icon at

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| 1962 | I love to cook with wine. Sometimes I even put it in the food.

Reply to
Jim Thompson

I developed a technique for sloppy slide-rule slipping, that made beautiful curves with nice experimental point scatter. Looked great.

The few guys who did stay and do the work didn't get such good grades. My slide rule worked better than the klunky lab equipment.

--

John Larkin         Highland Technology, Inc 

jlarkin att highlandtechnology dott com 
http://www.highlandtechnology.com
Reply to
John Larkin

My current flows. Maybe yours just pools up on the floor or something.

--

John Larkin         Highland Technology, Inc 

jlarkin att highlandtechnology dott com 
http://www.highlandtechnology.com
Reply to
John Larkin

Well, you also have to know enough to get the wrong answer, by the right amount, particularly in chem labs.

Same at UIUC. I only did it for chem, though. Hopeless courses with even less useful labs, intended only to waste *loads* of time and thin the herd. Physics wasn't much different. It was only next to useless (third semester was absurd).

Reply to
krw

Wow. No wonder you guys like simulation so much. ;)

The lab courses I was in (three physics, one chemistry, and one astronomy at UBC and one in physics at Stanford) were taught well, had profs that hung around, TAs that knew your name and saw how you worked, and (usually) a long-serving engineering technician who would answer questions, keep the apparatus working, and take no BS whatsoever. (The guy at UBC Physics was Wolf Breuer, a great man in his way, and the one at Stanford was Eric Gustafson, who ran out of money as a grad student and had to take the lab job, but later finished his Ph.D. and did some good work elsewhere, iirc.)

Slacking off in the lab would have attracted immediate and very unfavourable notice in either place.

I hope and expect that you guys are mostly just bragging, but either way, it's entirely misguided.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs 
Principal Consultant 
ElectroOptical Innovations LLC 
Optics, Electro-optics, Photonics, Analog Electronics 

160 North State Road #203 
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510 

hobbs at electrooptical dot net 
http://electrooptical.net
Reply to
Phil Hobbs

No, I really cut the EE labs and faked the reports. I'd done far more sophisticated stuff when I was in Junior High school.

In one case, the task was to plot the frequency response of a class A tube amp. I got the curve right because I didn't do the experiment. The people who did do it got a flat DC-to-daylight curve, because the shared lab B+ supply had 50 volts p-p of ripple.

I did stay for the Electrical Machinery labs, big motors and generators and transformers and stuff. That was fun.

--

John Larkin         Highland Technology, Inc 

jlarkin att highlandtechnology dott com 
http://www.highlandtechnology.com
Reply to
John Larkin

As you say, if you know the material, fudging the data points is trivial ;-) ...Jim Thompson

--
| James E.Thompson                                 |    mens     | 
| Analog Innovations                               |     et      | 
| Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems  |    manus    | 
| San Tan Valley, AZ 85142     Skype: skypeanalog  |             | 
| Voice:(480)460-2350  Fax: Available upon request |  Brass Rat  | 
| E-mail Icon at http://www.analog-innovations.com |    1962     | 
              
I love to cook with wine.     Sometimes I even put it in the food.
Reply to
Jim Thompson

[snip]

Yep. I liked machine lab as well. And testing the premise that disconnecting the field would cause run-away... it did >:-} ...Jim Thompson

--
| James E.Thompson                                 |    mens     | 
| Analog Innovations                               |     et      | 
| Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems  |    manus    | 
| San Tan Valley, AZ 85142     Skype: skypeanalog  |             | 
| Voice:(480)460-2350  Fax: Available upon request |  Brass Rat  | 
| E-mail Icon at http://www.analog-innovations.com |    1962     | 
              
I love to cook with wine.     Sometimes I even put it in the food.
Reply to
Jim Thompson

Technician viewpoint:

- "current carriers"

- "conservation of current"

- flow of amperes

- electricity is electrons, protons never flow

Physicist viewpoint:

- charge carriers

- charge is conserved (current is not)

- flow of coulombs

- ion flow, proton conductors, proton conductivity of acids, electron drift in metals

The technicians can be forgiven for believing the wrong, oversimplified cra p they all were taught in school. They never had any undergrad physics co urses to debunk all the misleading "lies to children" they had to memorize.

But what of engineers? Are we supposed to hate/ignore the physics courses we took? Do we also need the oversimplified lies-to-children of technicia n textbooks, since we cannot possibly understand the adult-level physics wh ich we supposedly had in 1st-year classes?

In my experience, some engineers are science-based. Others seem to be te chnician-school based, and they apparently rejected many concepts from phys ics/engineering books. Usually we can tell the difference between the two : the technician-types seem to love vacuum tubes and hate hole-flow in semi conductors. They insist that amperes go backwards, and try hard to ignore the fact that electrons do not flow in ground (dirt) or in human tissue, an d they usually pretend that, in battery acid, electrons are flowing.

Actually battery-acid is a great example of proton conductivity. But non-e ngineers should take care to never look up Grotthus Mechanism, it will only make them more confused and intellectually dishonest than they already are .

Reply to
Bill Beaty

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