This whole "Global Warming" thing has become a holy war. Almost every layman is arguing from a position of faith, rather than actual knowledge. The science is complex, the trends subtle, the short-term variations enough to swamp smaller long-term trends. We've chosen a poor term for the phenomenon, one that adds to the confusion. Every time we get a hot summer, the True Believers say, "See, Global Warming is true!" And every time we get a cold winter, the Infidels say, "See, Global Warming is false!" In the meantime we've got politicians getting onto the bandwagon, either stirring up the Believers or the Infidels in order to garner votes. The truth is not a matter of great concern to these politicians, as usual.
An increase of CO2 does not necessarily cause global warming, nor will reducing CO2 output necessarily avoid it. That is a simplistic and useless view. There are dozens of known factors affecting climate, ranging from solar activity (overall activity and various cycles), the earth's relationship to the sun (distance, angle, etc.), clouds, ice, pollution, greenhouse gases, water vapor, ocean currents, and on and on and on. Each can enhance or reduce the effects of CO2 on global warming.
The *consensus* among climate scientists is that yes, there is global warming that is beginning to affect the long-term climate. Even so, there are respected skeptics among these scientists, guys who doubt it's happening.
The *consensus* among climate scientists is that some part of global warming is anthropogenic; but again, there are some respected skeptics among these scientists.
As for what, if anything, we can do about it? Not such a consensus. As far as I know a majority of climate scientists think it might be a good idea to throttle back on CO2 and CH4 emissions, but I'm not sure it's that much of a majority. There is some thinking that we've already passed a point of no return, or that it's coming up very quickly. Once we pass it, positive feedback kicks in and the process takes on a life of its own that we won't be able to stop.
Beyond that, the consensus falters. Predictions range from the Al Gore apocalypse, to the usual conservative head-in-the-sand attitude of "nothing's going to happen." My guess is that like most things, the truth lies somewhere in between. Some things will suck, some won't be so bad, and we'll muddle through somehow. Just my own wild guess...
Unfortunately, most of the people arguing about all this aren't climate scientists, or scientists of any kind. In fact, most of the debaters don't understand the science behind the issues. They talk about "believing" in global warming, as though discussing a belief in God. They're the ones the politicians listen to.
The sad fact is that the people of the US are incapable of having an informed discussion about global warming. We haven't had the training in critical thinking or basic science required to understand the issues. We don't have the tools to take it beyond the level of a holy war, a debate based on faith.