Makes no difference whether wires are buried or overhead. Phone lines already have a 'whole house' protector installed for free. That is not the traditional source of destructive surges (no matter how many times the uneducated Michael posts insults everywhere to mask his insecurities).
Protection means every wire in every incoming cable is earthed directly or via a 'whole house' protector. Once energy is inside a building, then nothing stops that destructive hunt for earth via appliances. Nothing. This is discussed extensively in ham radio groups.
Once energy is inside, it will hunt for earth. It will select appliances to damage. A most common source of surges that destroy modems is AC electric. A best path to earth is through than modem (most often via an off-hook relay), and to earth via the phone wire and 'whole house' protector.
Once energy is inside, then it will search for earth. If any wire enters a building without proper earthing, then nothing but protection already inside appliances (including a modem) will stop that hunt. Phone wires are rarely the incoming electrical path. And are a common outgoing path to earth once that energy has been permitted inside the building. Therefore every incoming wire (even underground) must connect to single point ground before entering.
Most likely reason for repeat modem damage is AC electric wires were not earthed at the service entrance.
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