The two settings do diferent jobs. The card colour is the background of the card itself, and the active colour is what lights up when a card is in use or engaged, like a light card glowing when the light is on. Once you think of it that way it clicks. So if you pick a dark navy background for your cards, set the active colour to something bright enough to pop against that navy, not a colour you want as the base.
For the forecast readability, the trick is contrast between the text and whatever sits behind it. On my 7 inch panel I found light text on a dark card background reads way better than trying to darken the text on a light background, especially with the smaller forecast rows. The forecast details sit on top of the card background, so if your background colour is too close to the text colour it all mushes togehter. Pick a background that is clearly darker or clearly lighter than the text and you will be fine. I also stopped trying to use mid-tone colours entirely. Colours right in the middle of the brightness range are where contrast dies. One thing that helped was keeping the whole palette to two or three colours total. I use one background colour across every card, one accent, and let the active colour be the accent. Feels intentional instead of a rainbow of cards fighting each other. On the corner curves, it is genuinely personal preference. Small looks tighter and more technical, large looks softer and more friendly. I went medium on the 7 inch because at that size the large curve eats a bit of visible space at the card edges, and on a 7 inch you want every millimetre for content. On a smaller panel I would probly go small for the same reason. Whichever you pick, it applies consistently across all cards so the cohesion comes free.
Also worth a try, resizing the weather card bigger by dragging the corner. The layout adapts to card size, and giving the forecast more room solved half of my bleed-into-background issues on its own.