This question is related to my question about AGC threshold amplifiers. But I feel that it is a topic of its own.
In general, if you were designing the threshold amplifier in the picture
I am familiar with basic circuit analysis techniques and op amp golden rules, but I'm still not able to come up with my own design. I especially get confuse when I see capacitors because I don't know if its there for filtering or as some sort of signal delay / charging mechanism or as some sort of compensation.