I've posted this to a german newsgroup, but not much response so far. Maybe people using PLC's don't read newsgroups at weekend or not at all :-)
Maybe next year, when I have less client projects, I want to build a small microprocessor system for simple DAQ tasks, but it should work standalone, too. Using the PLC standard IEC 61131-3 for the programming language environment looks like a good idea. I've found a summary in this document:
http://157.158.12.7/kss/dydaktyka/materialy/PC/PLC_IEC61131-3.pdf
My idea is, that even hobby programmers can use this system. The hardware should be extendable with terminal blocks, like this one:
for I2C, SPI, digital IO and analog IO. For DAQ, transfering PLC programs and debugging it should use USB.
The most work would be to create the PC side software for a useful development system. Do you think that IEC 61131-3 standard is a good starting point for it? The software could compile all 5 defined languages to byte code, which is then interpreted on the device, and it could even be extended with other languages, like Basic, for the casual programmer. Time critical parts could be written in assembler.
I expect at least a year development time. Maybe it could be started as a open source community project on sourceforge.net.