OT: 'Photon Farming' in California

That's what car radiators are for, to efficiently turn your gas money into heat to eject into space

In that case the generators are most likely selected for 24 h operation. For solar backup operation, you would need to add generators for 12-18 h operation, improving water ducts etc. for a greater peak flow. However, you have to be careful not to cause extra erosion in river banks.

Charging one million EVs is going to need a few GWp.

You only have a steep peak at midday if all panels are aimed directly towards south (peak at 12:00). Build some farms aimed towards SSW (13:30) , SW (15:00) or even WSW (16:30) to handle the afternoon peak. Adjust those figures for exact longitude and daylight sawing rules.

Roof mounted solar panels are aimed at more or less random directions, so they do not cause a steep peak at noon.

I'm not bashing the UK. I'm acknowledging Tom Gardner's claim that solar and wind power aren't practical in the UK.

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I'm not going to try to connect things that aren't connected.

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Ok, sorry about that. You can always move.

Yes, there is always some expense. The major cost is the fuel. So they are not *so* expensive to idle.

So is solar. It's not "some time off" that solar and wind will be the cheapest energy source... even with storage.

Like the US doesn't have it's own, similar problems.

Cars are to get me, optionally with other people and stuff, from place to place efficiently and with minimum hassle. They do that very well. They are not a problem that needs to be solved.

If people enjoy charging for hours and planning routes to accomodate range limits and charging station locations, and shutting off heat and a/c and lights as part of their game, and driving cramped, ugly cars, and counting every penney they presumably save, let them have their silly fun.

If the want to Save The Earth, they should forego heat and a/c and vacations on airplanes. Stay home in the dark and sweat.

That's not the case of we seriously revise our economies and lifestyles, which is the actual bottom-line goal.

Coal power is dying a natural death in the US, because fracked NG is so cheap, and as a side benefit clean.

We can ship our unused coal to China and Japan. Gotta compete with Australia.

Farms typically are tracking on a single axis. I never said there was a "sharp peak". Some locations pay you a higher rate to aim your solar cells SW instead of south.

You are barking up the wrong tree.

The issue is not an imaginary "sharp" peak at noon. It's that the energy drops off later in the afternoon before the use peak is over. The resulting conventional demand curve has a sharp rise at that time.

Yes, we've noted that you don't like to connect inconvenient truths.

Where to?

Soon Europe won't be possible, I haven't got enough cash to buy my way into Australia, and I don't fancy Costa Rica.

Indeed, but that's a "crossing the chasm" problem.

"If you want to go /there/, I wouldn't start from /here/".

Why pay more for energy from a harmful source? Do you just like to toss m oney out the window?

Like so many other things, John likes to make up a fantasy about electric c ars. I especially like his criticism of EVs being cramped and ugly while m y EV is the roomiest car I've ever had including trucks. It holds six peop le and still has a large trunk space. I can easily carry skis or kayak pad dles. Love it.

Don't expect comprehension skills from CD.

Where have I said that? Wind is very practical, but has significant limitations that rabid greens don't like to acknowledge.

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More garbage talk. NG may emit less carbon than coal, but it is far from " clean". It's like pissing in your well instead of dropping turds.

China is committed to reducing coal as a part of their energy supply. They aren't going to buy more US coal after Trump is done with the tariff war.

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Rick C.

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You didn't say anything that could be considered a "truth". That's often what you do. You say things and think you have stated something significan t while you didn't say much at all. Just like Trump.

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Yeah, I guess everyone but the US is doomed. Bye.

I often think that city authorities *like* to create traffic jams. I'm convinced that the amount of traffic in city centres could be halved by removing all the intentional obstacles and providing sufficient parking space.

Jeroen Belleman

The hydrogen freaks in Australia are planning to ship tanker-loads of it to Japan and South Korea.

The back-up liquid hydogen would just be part of the supply chain.

The cooling power required to keep the hydrogen liquid depends on the size of the tank being insulated, and the amount you spend on the insulation.

The bigger the tank, the smaller the surface area per unit volume.

Oil tanker type ships takinga couple of weeks to get to Japan and Korea are clearly feasible. They'd have on-board Stirling enegine refrigerators to keep the hydrogen liquid.

Land-based holding tanks could be even bigger. I wouldn't want one in my backyard - an earth-quake that ruptured the tank could create the mother of all fuel-air bombs - but Australia has a lot of remarkably geologically stable outback.

Some of the Australian hydrogen freaks want to ship the hydrgoen around as liquid ammonia, which would also work, and requires rather less refrigeration.

So they have gotten the idea from LNG tankers. The problem is that liquid methane requires -161 C, while hydrogen -253 C.

An other snag is that the hydrogen density is low even as liquified, just look at the space shuttle external tank in which the most part is taken by liquid hydrogen.

How much energy is required for compression and liquefaction ?

Excuse my ignorance, but where do these freaks get that hydrogen ?

- Do you really have wells in Australia with free nitrogen ?

- Are they going to split some organic matter (such as NG) into coal and hydrogen ?

- Are they going to use electrolysis ? How do they generate the required electricity ?

- Are they using some new 4G very high temperature nuclear reactor to directly split water into oxygen and hydrogen ? As far as I understand such very high temperatures nuclear reactor only exists on paper.

So, it cryopumps more effectively in vacuum spaces, leading to a cleaner vacuum and better insulation. It doesn't need to be that cold if pressurized, and not nearly that cold if intercalated (solidified) instead of liquid.

Intercalation offers circa 150 kg/m^3, liquid only 70 kg/m^3

so, for portable tanks, you do NOT want liquid.