reducing 12V+ source voltage with a potentiometer

Apr 18, 2005 11 Replies

I would like to reduce the 12V+ source voltage going into computer fans with potentiometers place between the 12V+ and the fan. I am unsure what Ohm rating potentiometer I need to get could someone please help.


All I remember from physics class was that V=IR formula. So I guess that means R=V/I = 12/I The fan has a label that says 0.8A on it. So I guess that means R=12/0.8 = 15 Ohms max ? Kinda small? I only have on hand a potentiometer that say 15K ohm.



Could someone please share me their experience using pots to dynamically reduce a 12V source voltage.



Try this circuit:

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(first schematic, but with a 2K pot rather than a 5K). You don't need the output cap, but I suggest putting the input cap on there, so 4 parts. It might need a small heatsink, depending on the current the fan draws.

Best regards, Spehro Pefhany

"it's the network..." "The Journey is the reward" speff@interlog.com Info for manufacturers: http://www.trexon.com Embedded software/hardware/analog Info for designers: http://www.speff.com

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"Joseph" schreef in bericht news: snipped-for-privacy@f14g2000cwb.googlegroups.com...

There are several ways to control a 12V fans speed but a potmeter is the worsed. You can try to find a linear voltage controler or a PWM circuit. I have no circuits here at the moment but a little googling will make you find what you need.

petrus bitbyter

I suspect it actually reads 0.08A

It's not the ideal way to control a fan but it should work ok. You'll need a 'pot' capable of dissipating a watt or so. Cermet types are likely to be best suited. Or try a fixed resistor of anywhere say between 150 and 470 ohms and see what the effect is like.

Graham

You are correct about a little googling. Here is a site that Joseph might find interesting.

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and another which is pretty good
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On that last site under "other fixed voltages"
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here is what they say "Semiconductor junctions always drop some voltage, and diodes are no exception. A 1N4001 silicon diode drops about 0.75v at typical fan currents (100-350mA), so one or more diodes in series with the load can be used to take the edge off a noisy fan. Two diodes will reduce the fan voltage to about 10.5v."

Joseph that idea of adding diodes just might make your fan less noisy and still keep your mother board happy. Experiment with the number of diodes in series with the fan.

Have Fun, John Crighton Sydney

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thats the approx R of the fan, not the R of the pot you want. But its not far off. A bit higher would give more v reduction range.

I'd double check your fan ratings though, that does sound high.

Its the simplest way - for a one off theres no reason to get into complex electronics whena simple cheap pot does the trick. Either use a 1w pot or else put your chosen pot in the airstream. Or you can just use a bit of resistance wire and a croc clip etc to tap off where wanted. R wire: heater elements, light bulb filaments, etc.

NT

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help.

theres a simpler way that might do what you want: connect the fan to 7v instead of 12v. +to +12v, - to 5v.

NT

Cheap and dirty. Put a 12vlot lamp in series with the motor. For faster motor speeds, use higher current lamps. Moundt a 1-hole mounted lamp holder on the back of the machine for easy lamp changes. Also provides some light back there when switching cables and such.

Luhan Monat (luhanis \'at\' yahoo \'dot\' com) "The future is not what it used to be..." http://members.cox.net/berniekm

But keep in mind that using this regulator will leave only about

10 volts for your fan. Which means it will not reach full speed, not even if you need it to keep the parts cool.
Kind regards, Gerard Bok

I think this is the best way. You could mount a switch on the case, and switch between 12 volts, 7 volts or 5 volts, all easily available. That should give enough options. How about a 3T2P switch for simplicity?

Although I have to admit, a non automated system that cuts the fan speed makes me nervous. I'm sure I'd forget about it and leave it on low speed while putting a heavy load on the system.

Barry

I used a rheostat to reduce fan speed--it absorbs heat well and can be mounted on the front of the case with a semi-attractive knob! make sure you get one thats rated for the number of watts you intend to run through it.

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