Math Puzzle...

When you have three points, the median is the middle value.

The equation is in plain sight, and I did explain it. It still seems like you can't understand it. You can't criticize it in any concrete terms, except to fling lame insults.

How would you graph efficiency vs time along the charging curve? You have my .asc file: do it. Post it, the improved .asc file, and not just your unexplained PDF graphs. For pete's sake, do something other than whining, if you still can.

I have explained the efficiency calculation, for the benefit of old gits who couldn't understand it, in plain sight.

So I'll feign ignorance. Explain to us all how that equation calculates efficiency.

"Infinity" I don't understand. Where did that come from?

Sure, it produces 48V, not without quirks. You actually going to use that in production? Bwahahahahahaha!

I've just posted one that works in LTspice. Please explain YOUR equation instead of the steady side-stepping drivel.

You ARE STUPID. And your explanation is a non-explanation. Tell us the math behind your equation. You probably copied it from another village idiot.

That's all you can do is denigrate, and lie, lie, lie.

In actual count I suspect I've designed more complete chips than you have circuits. ...Jim Thompson

F(x)>0

On Fri, 05 Jul 2013 21:45:56 -0700, John Larkin wrote:

I just noticed something about the circuit. Where's the freakin' load?

Current in R6 just goes into C5, and decays to microamps in milliseconds.

Putting a 100 ohm load in (R12), and changing your B source to: v=100*(idt((v(Vp)*I(R12)))/idt((V(9v)*-i(V2)))) gives a sensible efficiency result.

No need for limit, no spikes, the only downside is that, on a long run, the integrals are going to get big.

Try this, it's based on Joerg's last spin of the circuit,with my load and efficiency calc.

Version 4 SHEET 1 1920 1076 WIRE 208 48 96 48 WIRE 96 144 96 48 WIRE 240 144 96 144 WIRE 320 144 240 144 WIRE 464 144 400 144 WIRE 528 144 464 144 WIRE 656 144 608 144 WIRE 816 144 768 144 WIRE 960 144 896 144 WIRE 1040 144 960 144 WIRE 1152 144 1104 144 WIRE 1200 144 1152 144 WIRE 1328 144 1280 144 WIRE 1344 144 1328 144 WIRE 1440 144 1344 144 WIRE 96 176 96 144 WIRE 768 208 768 144 WIRE 240 240 240 144 WIRE 320 240 240 240 WIRE 464 240 464 144 WIRE 464 240 384 240 WIRE 1152 240 1152 144 WIRE 1200 240 1152 240 WIRE 1328 240 1328 144 WIRE 1328 240 1264 240 WIRE 1440 240 1440 144 WIRE 1328 288 1328 240 WIRE 656 304 656 144 WIRE 720 304 656 304 WIRE 768 304 720 304 WIRE 96 320 96 256 WIRE 656 336 656 304 WIRE 768 336 768 304 WIRE 960 336 960 144 WIRE 304 384 272 384 WIRE 400 384 368 384 WIRE 1328 400 1328 352 WIRE 1440 400 1440 320 WIRE 656 432 656 416 WIRE 144 448 96 448 WIRE 272 448 272 384 WIRE 272 448 224 448 WIRE 304 448 272 448 WIRE 400 448 400 384 WIRE 400 448 368 448 WIRE 768 480 768 416 WIRE 960 480 960 416 WIRE 272 512 272 448 WIRE 304 512 272 512 WIRE 400 512 400 448 WIRE 400 512 368 512 WIRE 432 512 400 512 WIRE 560 512 512 512 WIRE 608 512 560 512 WIRE 96 576 96 448 WIRE 160 576 96 576 WIRE 272 576 272 512 WIRE 272 576 224 576 WIRE 304 576 272 576 WIRE 400 576 400 512 WIRE 400 576 368 576 WIRE 656 592 656 528 WIRE 768 592 768 544 WIRE 960 592 960 544 WIRE 1232 624 1152 624 WIRE 1344 624 1232 624 WIRE 96 672 96 576 WIRE 160 672 96 672 WIRE 272 672 160 672 WIRE 464 672 400 672 WIRE 480 672 464 672 WIRE 560 672 544 672 WIRE 688 672 624 672 WIRE 720 672 688 672 WIRE 1152 672 1152 624 WIRE 1232 672 1232 624 WIRE 272 704 272 672 WIRE 464 704 464 672 WIRE 96 720 96 672 WIRE 400 784 400 672 WIRE 400 784 320 784 WIRE 96 832 96 784 WIRE 272 832 272 800 WIRE 1152 832 1152 752 WIRE 1232 832 1232 752 WIRE 240 912 144 912 WIRE 368 912 320 912 WIRE 464 912 464 784 WIRE 464 912 432 912 WIRE 464 928 464 912 WIRE 464 1056 464 1008 FLAG 1344 144 VP FLAG 656 592 0 FLAG 96 320 0 FLAG 720 304 DRAIN FLAG 560 512 GATE FLAG 768 208 0 FLAG 960 592 0 FLAG 1152 832 0 FLAG 1344 624 EFF IOPIN 1344 624 Out FLAG 768 592 0 FLAG 96 832 0 FLAG 160 672 rc FLAG 272 832 0 FLAG 464 1056 0 FLAG 688 672 VP FLAG 1328 400 0 FLAG 208 48 9V FLAG 144 912 9V FLAG 1440 400 0 FLAG 1232 832 0 SYMBOL ind2 512 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -41 56 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -53 53 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName L1 SYMATTR Value 3u SYMATTR Type ind SYMATTR SpiceLine Rser=0.06 SYMBOL schottky 1040 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -41 30 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -49 27 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName D1 SYMATTR Value 10MQ060N SYMATTR Description Diode SYMATTR Type diode SYMBOL voltage 96 160 R0 WINDOW 0 48 55 Left 2 WINDOW 3 54 83 Left 2 WINDOW 123 0 0 Left 2 WINDOW 39 0 0 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName V2 SYMATTR Value 9 SYMBOL nmos 608 432 R0 WINDOW 0 -55 -55 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -101 -22 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName M1 SYMATTR Value Si7218DN SYMBOL ind2 800 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -32 56 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -41 57 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName L2 SYMATTR Value 27u SYMATTR Type ind SYMATTR SpiceLine Rser=0.06 SYMBOL res 528 496 R90 WINDOW 0 77 56 VBottom 2 WINDOW 3 84 57 VTop 2 SYMATTR InstName R3 SYMATTR Value 10 SYMBOL res 1184 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -38 31 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -11 86 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName R6 SYMATTR Value 1m SYMBOL cap 1264 224 R90 WINDOW 0 68 59 VBottom 2 WINDOW 3 42 -8 VTop 2 SYMATTR InstName C3 SYMATTR Value 100m SYMBOL res 304 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -37 24 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -11 88 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName R8 SYMATTR Value 1m SYMBOL cap 384 224 R90 WINDOW 0 73 60 VBottom 2 WINDOW 3 47 -14 VTop 2 SYMATTR InstName C6 SYMATTR Value 100m SYMBOL res 944 320 R0 WINDOW 0 -54 67 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -58 98 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R9 SYMATTR Value 500 SYMBOL cap 944 480 R0 WINDOW 0 -46 35 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -50 68 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C7 SYMATTR Value 30p SYMBOL bv 1152 656 R0 WINDOW 3 -285 119 Left 2 WINDOW 0 -83 97 Left 2 SYMATTR Value v=100*(idt((v(Vp)*I(R12)))/idt((V(9v)*-i(V2)))) SYMATTR InstName Beff SYMBOL res 752 320 R0 WINDOW 0 53 70 Left 2 WINDOW 3 51 100 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R2 SYMATTR Value 200 SYMBOL cap 752 480 R0 WINDOW 0 60 34 Left 2 WINDOW 3 56 72 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C1 SYMATTR Value 200p SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 160 512 R0 SYMATTR InstName A1 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=0.5 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL cap 80 720 R0 WINDOW 0 44 60 Left 2 WINDOW 3 37 92 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C4 SYMATTR Value 500p SYMBOL res 128 464 R270 WINDOW 0 88 58 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 74 57 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName R4 SYMATTR Value 2K SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 304 448 R0 SYMATTR InstName A2 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=1 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 304 384 R0 SYMATTR InstName A3 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=1 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 304 512 R0 SYMATTR InstName A4 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=1 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 304 320 R0 SYMATTR InstName A5 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=1 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL nmos 320 704 M0 WINDOW 0 77 0 Left 2 WINDOW 3 63 35 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName M2 SYMATTR Value 2N7002 SYMBOL res 448 688 R0 WINDOW 0 47 64 Left 2 WINDOW 3 40 94 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R5 SYMATTR Value 10K SYMBOL zener 560 688 R270 WINDOW 0 50 33 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -13 35 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName D2 SYMATTR Value 1N5369B SYMATTR Description Diode SYMATTR Type diode SYMBOL cap 1312 288 R0 WINDOW 0 -61 48 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -59 81 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C5 SYMATTR Value 5u SYMBOL res 640 320 R0 WINDOW 0 47 70 Left 2 WINDOW 3 41 102 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R7 SYMATTR Value 1m SYMBOL res 448 912 R0 WINDOW 0 47 64 Left 2 WINDOW 3 40 94 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R11 SYMATTR Value 10K SYMBOL cap 368 928 R270 WINDOW 0 32 32 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 0 32 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName C9 SYMATTR Value 0.33u SYMBOL res 224 928 R270 WINDOW 0 32 56 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 0 56 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName R10 SYMATTR Value 10k SYMBOL diode 544 688 M270 WINDOW 0 32 32 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 0 32 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName D3 SYMATTR Value 1N4148 SYMBOL res 1424 224 R0 SYMATTR InstName R12 SYMATTR Value 100 SYMBOL res 1216 656 R0 SYMATTR InstName R1 SYMATTR Value 1meg TEXT 1064 432 Left 2 !.tran 0 15m 0 10n uic TEXT 1040 488 Left 2 ;PRETTY DUMB BOOST TEXT 1072 544 Left 2 ;JL June 29 2013 TEXT 648 104 Left 2 !K L1 L2 0.95 TEXT 192 624 Left 2 ;74HC14 TEXT 296 1016 Left 2 ;SOFT TEXT 296 1040 Left 2 ;START TEXT 160 504 Left 2 ;OSC TEXT 696 168 Left 2 ;1:3

You won't mind if I add Helmut's equation into your asc file? LTspice can't do it simply in the plot window like PSpice can. ...Jim Thompson

The only "freakin" load is the feedback network.

...Jim Thompson

"LIMIT" is nasty for doing such modeling. Causes non-convergence and/or lengthy simulation times. I've been building my own limit functions based on TANH so that all derivatives exist... makes Spice (all variants) much happier. ...Jim Thompson

I meant the original "pretty dumb boost", which has no feedback AFAICS. You must be meaning the "skeptic" thing, which I haven't had time to look at, yet.

That's the proper way to do it.

For a "rolling" average, see my post...

Newsgroups: sci.electronics.design Subject: Re: Math Puzzle... Here's what to use... Date: Sat, 06 Jul 2013 08:54:13 -0700 Message-ID:

where Helmut Sennewald shows the way to make a range-limited integral.

Do you see any way that Larkin's equation properly represents "efficiency"?

Larkin mistakenly thinks that the order of limiting and integrating operations doesn't matter. Had he integrated first, then limited, he would be closer... though he's never quite "exact", EVER >:-} ...Jim Thompson

Tell me more...

I guess I missed the "pretty dumb boost"... thankfully ;-) ...Jim Thompson

-- | James E.Thompson | mens | | Analog Innovations | et | | Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems | manus | | San Tan Valley, AZ 85142 Skype: Contacts Only | | | Voice:(480)460-2350 Fax: Available upon request | Brass Rat | | E-mail Icon at

On Sat, 06 Jul 2013 08:54:13 -0700, Jim Thompson wrote:

I don't want integration, unless it was integration within discrete time slices. What I want is averaging, so that I can graph efficiency vs time continuously during the startup+charging time. That's what I have, and it works well enough. Higher-order filtering can be done to snap up the time response, but it's now fast enough, especially with a more realistic output cap (which slows down sims.)

I don't know why you are making such a crusade about something so simple.

Here's a flyback version that uses 2nd order filters to do the power curve averaging. It's claiming about 90% efficiency during the part of the charging curve that matters. The real inductor resistances are included, but no core losses. If I get 80% in real life, I'll be OK. We may go full-digital later on.

OK, say something intelligent, or say something stupid, about this one.

Version 4 SHEET 1 1920 1092 WIRE 0 144 -48 144 WIRE 32 144 0 144 WIRE 160 144 96 144 WIRE 208 144 160 144 WIRE 320 144 288 144 WIRE 464 144 400 144 WIRE 528 144 464 144 WIRE 656 144 608 144 WIRE 832 144 784 144 WIRE 976 144 912 144 WIRE 1024 144 976 144 WIRE 1136 144 1088 144 WIRE 1168 144 1136 144 WIRE 1280 144 1248 144 WIRE 1408 144 1360 144 WIRE 1424 144 1408 144 WIRE 1440 144 1424 144 WIRE -48 176 -48 144 WIRE 96 176 96 144 WIRE 656 176 656 144 WIRE 784 176 784 144 WIRE 160 240 160 144 WIRE 320 240 160 240 WIRE 464 240 464 144 WIRE 464 240 384 240 WIRE 1136 240 1136 144 WIRE 1232 240 1136 240 WIRE 1408 240 1408 144 WIRE 1408 240 1296 240 WIRE 160 288 160 240 WIRE 224 288 160 288 WIRE 240 288 224 288 WIRE 1408 288 1408 240 WIRE 784 304 784 256 WIRE -48 320 -48 256 WIRE 96 320 96 256 WIRE 976 336 976 144 WIRE 304 384 272 384 WIRE 400 384 368 384 WIRE 592 384 576 384 WIRE 656 384 656 256 WIRE 656 384 592 384 WIRE 1408 400 1408 352 WIRE 656 432 656 384 WIRE 0 448 -48 448 WIRE 32 448 0 448 WIRE 144 448 96 448 WIRE 272 448 272 384 WIRE 272 448 224 448 WIRE 304 448 272 448 WIRE 400 448 400 384 WIRE 400 448 368 448 WIRE -48 480 -48 448 WIRE 976 480 976 416 WIRE 272 512 272 448 WIRE 304 512 272 512 WIRE 400 512 400 448 WIRE 400 512 368 512 WIRE 432 512 400 512 WIRE 560 512 512 512 WIRE 608 512 560 512 WIRE 96 576 96 448 WIRE 160 576 96 576 WIRE 272 576 272 512 WIRE 272 576 224 576 WIRE 304 576 272 576 WIRE 400 576 400 512 WIRE 400 576 368 576 WIRE 976 592 976 544 WIRE -48 624 -48 560 WIRE 400 624 368 624 WIRE 544 624 512 624 WIRE 656 624 656 528 WIRE 656 624 624 624 WIRE 368 656 368 624 WIRE 1120 672 1056 672 WIRE 1264 672 1200 672 WIRE 1408 672 1344 672 WIRE 1456 672 1408 672 WIRE 1472 672 1456 672 WIRE 512 688 512 624 WIRE 512 688 400 688 WIRE 656 688 656 624 WIRE 96 704 96 576 WIRE 96 704 -16 704 WIRE 144 704 96 704 WIRE 320 704 144 704 WIRE 448 720 400 720 WIRE 464 720 448 720 WIRE 512 720 512 688 WIRE 1056 720 1056 672 WIRE 1408 736 1408 672 WIRE -16 752 -16 704 WIRE 368 768 368 752 WIRE 384 768 384 752 WIRE 384 768 368 768 WIRE 368 784 368 768 WIRE 512 816 512 784 WIRE 656 816 656 768 WIRE 400 832 368 832 WIRE 368 864 368 832 WIRE -16 880 -16 816 WIRE 1056 880 1056 800 WIRE 1408 880 1408 800 WIRE 656 896 400 896 WIRE 736 896 656 896 WIRE 864 896 816 896 WIRE 896 896 864 896 WIRE 96 912 96 704 WIRE 320 912 96 912 WIRE 448 928 400 928 WIRE 480 928 448 928 WIRE 656 928 656 896 WIRE 368 976 368 960 WIRE 384 976 384 960 WIRE 384 976 368 976 WIRE 368 992 368 976 WIRE 656 1040 656 1008 FLAG 1424 144 VP FLAG 656 816 0 FLAG 96 320 0 FLAG 592 384 DRAIN FLAG 560 512 GATE FLAG 976 592 0 FLAG 1056 880 0 FLAG 1456 672 EFF FLAG 1408 880 0 FLAG -16 880 0 FLAG 144 704 rc FLAG 1408 400 0 FLAG 224 288 9V FLAG 368 784 0 FLAG 400 624 9V FLAG 448 720 0.2V FLAG -48 320 0 FLAG 0 144 0.2V FLAG 368 992 0 FLAG 400 832 9V FLAG -48 624 0 FLAG 0 448 1.25V FLAG 448 928 1.25V FLAG 656 1040 0 FLAG 864 896 VP FLAG 512 816 0 FLAG 784 304 0 SYMBOL ind2 512 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -42 35 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -50 36 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName L1 SYMATTR Value 5µ SYMATTR Type ind SYMBOL schottky 1024 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -41 30 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -49 27 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName D1 SYMATTR Value 10MQ060N SYMATTR Description Diode SYMATTR Type diode SYMBOL voltage 96 160 R0 WINDOW 0 -55 102 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -47 131 Left 2 WINDOW 123 0 0 Left 2 WINDOW 39 0 0 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName V2 SYMATTR Value 9 SYMBOL nmos 608 432 R0 WINDOW 0 93 53 Left 2 WINDOW 3 91 98 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName M1 SYMATTR Value Si7218DN SYMBOL ind2 816 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -40 80 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -47 80 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName L2 SYMATTR Value 20µ SYMATTR Type ind SYMBOL res 528 496 R90 WINDOW 0 -15 56 VBottom 2 WINDOW 3 46 56 VTop 2 SYMATTR InstName R3 SYMATTR Value 10 SYMBOL res 1264 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -38 31 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -11 86 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName R6 SYMATTR Value 1m SYMBOL cap 1232 256 R270 WINDOW 0 -47 8 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -20 66 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName C3 SYMATTR Value 25m SYMBOL res 304 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -37 30 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -10 80 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName R8 SYMATTR Value 1m SYMBOL cap 320 256 R270 WINDOW 0 -44 7 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -17 66 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName C6 SYMATTR Value 25m SYMBOL res 960 320 R0 WINDOW 0 59 38 Left 2 WINDOW 3 58 74 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R9 SYMATTR Value 500 SYMBOL cap 960 480 R0 WINDOW 0 -46 35 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -50 68 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C7 SYMATTR Value 30p SYMBOL bv 1056 704 R0 WINDOW 3 -110 247 Left 2 WINDOW 0 -68 125 Left 2 SYMATTR Value V= LIMIT (0, 100 * I(R6) * V(VP) / ( I(R8) * 9 ), 120) SYMATTR InstName B1 SYMBOL res 1216 656 R90 WINDOW 0 70 60 VBottom 2 WINDOW 3 78 61 VTop 2 SYMATTR InstName R1 SYMATTR Value 1K SYMBOL cap 1392 736 R0 WINDOW 0 -44 55 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -43 94 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C2 SYMATTR Value 8n SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 160 512 R0 SYMATTR InstName A1 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=0.5 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL cap -32 752 R0 WINDOW 0 44 60 Left 2 WINDOW 3 37 92 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C4 SYMATTR Value 500p SYMBOL res 128 464 R270 WINDOW 0 88 58 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 74 57 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName R4 SYMATTR Value 2K SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 304 448 R0 SYMATTR InstName A2 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=1 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 304 384 R0 SYMATTR InstName A3 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=1 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 304 512 R0 SYMATTR InstName A4 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=1 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL Digital\\schmtinv 304 320 R0 SYMATTR InstName A5 SYMATTR Value2 Vhigh=5 Vt=2.5 Vh=1 SYMATTR SpiceLine Td=5n SYMBOL cap 1392 288 R0 WINDOW 0 -70 43 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -64 77 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C5 SYMATTR Value 4µ SYMBOL res 640 672 R0 WINDOW 0 70 52 Left 2 WINDOW 3 75 86 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R10 SYMATTR Value 0.2 SYMBOL Comparators\\LT1011 368 704 M0 SYMATTR InstName U1 SYMBOL voltage -48 160 R0 WINDOW 0 30 101 Left 2 WINDOW 3 26 131 Left 2 WINDOW 123 0 0 Left 2 WINDOW 39 0 0 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName V1 SYMATTR Value 0.2 SYMBOL Comparators\\LT1011 368 912 M0 SYMATTR InstName U2 SYMBOL voltage -48 464 R0 WINDOW 0 32 98 Left 2 WINDOW 3 26 131 Left 2 WINDOW 123 0 0 Left 2 WINDOW 39 0 0 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName V3 SYMATTR Value 1.25 SYMBOL res 640 912 R0 WINDOW 0 -56 37 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -57 71 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R5 SYMATTR Value 10K SYMBOL res 832 880 R90 WINDOW 0 69 56 VBottom 2 WINDOW 3 74 56 VTop 2 SYMATTR InstName R11 SYMATTR Value 374K SYMBOL res 640 608 R90 WINDOW 0 65 54 VBottom 2 WINDOW 3 71 54 VTop 2 SYMATTR InstName R2 SYMATTR Value 100 SYMBOL cap 496 720 R0 WINDOW 0 54 32 Left 2 WINDOW 3 43 63 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName C8 SYMATTR Value 220p SYMBOL ind 192 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -35 35 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -8 78 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName L3 SYMATTR Value 25n SYMBOL ind 1248 688 R270 WINDOW 0 -31 55 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -41 57 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName L4 SYMATTR Value 3m SYMBOL ind 1152 160 R270 WINDOW 0 -36 38 VTop 2 WINDOW 3 -9 85 VBottom 2 SYMATTR InstName L5 SYMATTR Value 25n SYMBOL res 640 160 R0 WINDOW 0 -51 30 Left 2 WINDOW 3 -52 65 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R7 SYMATTR Value 0.3 SYMBOL res 768 160 R0 WINDOW 0 44 27 Left 2 WINDOW 3 49 61 Left 2 SYMATTR InstName R12 SYMATTR Value 0.8 TEXT 1104 576 Left 2 !.tran 0 3m 0 5n uic TEXT 1088 480 Left 2 ;2:1 FLYBACK CONVERTER TEXT 1128 528 Left 2 ;JL July 4 2013 TEXT 752 352 Left 2 !K L1 L2 0.99 TEXT 192 624 Left 2 ;74HC14 TEXT 160 504 Left 2 ;OSC TEXT 160 808 Left 2 ;USE LM393 TEXT 1200 792 Left 2 ;25 KHz TEXT 688 392 Left 2 ;2X LPR4012-103BML_ TEXT 792 432 Left 2 ;1:2

Like this...

A current source/sink that can't pull thru zero and on to infinity, like the non-physical standard IDC does.

So no more problems with getting .OP results with behavioral currents.

I have a whole pile of these. I should probably publish a book... one of these days when I have the time ;-)

(My apologies to Larkin if the equation is too hard for him to understand ;-) ...Jim Thompson

I'd be happy to see you do something real. It might even improve your humor.

But the goal is to create a node that can be clicked on to display a reasonably smooth curve of realtime efficiency, not integrated efficiency since startup. Integrated efficiency would be just net energy out divided by net energy in, which is easier to compute and less subject to debate.

Thanks.

I need to bone up on Pspice stuff. I don't have it, I use two flavors of Berkeley, and LT only.

Pspice needs Windows, which I don't have.

If it's in PSPCREF, I'll figger it out.

That's where an interval-limited integral does the job.

See my post of Helmut's suggested way to do it in LTspice (PSpice has AVGX built-in).

Had your "median" F(t) been an integral prior to applying your LIMIT, you'd have been a lot closer. ...Jim Thompson

AVGX in PSpice, or as Helmut created for LTspice.

Efficiency is defined as PowerOut/PowerIn.

Why do you keep dancing around avoiding that definition? ...Jim Thompson

Is there a way to make the "hardness" of the limit adjustable using TANH? I took a brief look at it last night and it didn't seem at all obvious how to proceed.

Best regards, Spehro Pefhany