Ah. I remember this one. If I remember its a permissions issue on the audio device. I think you can solve it by making the user and the devices groups overlap
here is my pi's /etc/group entry....
audio:x:29:me,www-data,pulse,root
I seemed to need all that to get audio to work OK for all the users needing to invoke it
Sorry: card 0: sndrpihifiberry [snd_rpi_hifiberry_dac], device 0: HifiBerry DAC Can't help - no experience with this, only with on-board HDMI/Headphones
This is almost certainly not the cause of your problem but I think you should bite the bullet anyway and make a new sd card with the latest RaspiOS Bullseye. Stretch is now 2 versions out of date and the Raspberry Pi Foundation (or is it the Inc.?) only supports the latest release. So that should cover you in case anything else pops up.
So there is no fundamental issue with missing drivers.
Hmm.
It looks like somehow the /dev/snd perms are wrong, but I am struggling to see what difference your setup is from mine
I tested it and I can play with myself as the user.
$ ls -l /dev | grep snd drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 140 Dec 9 13:42 snd
$ ls -l /dev/snd total 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 60 Dec 9 13:42 by-path crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 0 Dec 9 13:42 controlC0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 16 Dec 9 13:42 pcmC0D0p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 1 Dec 9 13:17 seq crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 33 Dec 9 13:42 timer
$ grep audio /etc/group
audio:x:29:me,www-data,pulse,root
that's my setup that works.
I think I had to add myself to get it to work from my user command line, and www-data to get it to work when invoked by the apache webserver, which is how I control the sound system...or else write a setuid program...
but can't find out why.. oh it disables bluetooth and is recommended somewhere for better wifi, which I had issues with.
My bad.
formatting link
is I think how I got mine working BUT I am fairly sure I wouldn't have stuck myself and www-data into the audio group without good reasons. In short I think I had this problem and that is how I fixed it.
Anyway if I can get Adrian to a working config by duping mine, it's a result.
In message <sqcgns$740$ snipped-for-privacy@dont-email.me, The Natural Philosopher snipped-for-privacy@invalid.invalid writes
Times and dates aside, my /dev/snd appears to be the same as yours. Oh hang on, there is a difference. The four entries with permissions starting "c" all have permissions of crw-rw----+
The audio group is :
audio:x:29:pi
I only need it to work for the pi user, so that should be OK.
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