How old is the electrical system in the house? In most places of the U.S. AFCIs have been the standard since 2002. They were available for several years before 2002 and may actually be what is installed in your house's breaker box.
AFCI arc fault circuit interupt type of circuit breaker. Detects the arc condition and trips.
As others have already stated, the arc in the bulb could draw enough current to trip most circuit breakers. Is fairly common in my experience as at least once every couple of years I have bulb "blow" and trip the breaker. Usually though it is one of the three way bulbs.