Rigol DS1052E user guide: Chapter 3 Application & Examples

Chapter 3 Application & Examples

Example 1: Taking Simple Measurements

The function is used to observe an unknown signal; to display, measure frequency, and peak-to-peak amplitude.

To quickly display a signal, please do the steps as follow:

1. Set the probe and the channel attenuations to 10X
2. Connect signal to CH1 with the probe
3. Press the AUTO button

The oscilloscope sets the vertical, horizontal, and trigger controls at the best status automatically. To optimize the waveform display, adjust these controls manually to meet the requirements.

Selecting Automatic Measurements

The oscilloscope takes automatic measurements on most signals. To measure the frequency and the peak-to-peak amplitude, do these steps as follows:

1. Measure peak-to-peak amplitude Press Measure \rightarrow Source \rightarrow CH1 to set measurement source Press Voltage \rightarrow Vpp to select peak-to-peak measurements and the result will be displayed on the screen.
2. Measure frequency Press Measure \rightarrow Source \rightarrow CH1 to set measurement source Press Time \rightarrow Freq to select frequency measurements and the result will be displayed on the screen.

NOTE: The frequency and peak-to-peak measurements are shown on the screen and are updated periodically.

Example 2: View a Signal Delay Caused by a Circuit

This example is to test the input and output signals of a circuit and observe the signal delay. First, set the probe and the channel attenuation to 10X and connect CH1 probe to the input, CH2 to the output of the circuit.

Do these steps as follow:

1. Display the signals (CH1 and CH2): (1) Press the AUTO button (2) Adjust the vertical and the horizontal scale by turning the \circledSSCALE knobs to appropriate ranges for display. (3) Press the CH1 button to select Channel 1, and turn the vertical \circledPPOSITION knob to adjust the vertical position of Channel 1 waveform. (4) Press the CH2 button to select Channel 2, and turn the vertical \circledPPOSITION knob to adjust the vertical position of Channel 2 waveform.

2. Measure the delay time when a signal going through the circuit. Auto-measuring the delay: (1) Press Measure\rightarrowSource\rightarrowCH1 to set measurement source. (2) Press Time to select the measurement Type. (3) Press Delay 1\rightarrow2\blacktriangleright to display the result on the screen.

You can see the change of the waveform in the following figure:

Figure 3- 1 Waveform distortion

3-2 © 2008 RIGOL Technologies, Inc.

Example 3: Capture a Single-Shot Signal

To capture a single event, it needs to gather some pre-test knowledge of the signal in order to set up the trigger level and slope correctly. For example, if the event is derived from TTL logic, a trigger level of 2 volts should work on a rising edge.

The following steps show how to use the oscilloscope to capture a single event.

1. Set the probe and the channel attenuations to 10X.
2. Set up the trigger. (1) Press the MENU button in the Trigger control area to display the menu. (2) Press Edge to select the trigger mode (3) Press Slope to select (4) Press Source to select CH1 (5) Press Sweep to select Single (6) Press Set Up→Coupling to select DC
3. Turn the vertical and horizontal ⒸSCALE knobs to adjust the Volts/Div and the Time base in a proper range for the signal
4. Turn the ⒸLEVEL knob to adjust trigger level
5. Press RUN/STOP button to start capturing. When the trigger conditions are met, data appears on the display representing the data points that the oscilloscope obtained with one acquisition.

This function helps to capture the occurrence easily, such as the noisy with large amplitude; set the trigger level higher a little above the normal level and press RUN/STOP and wait. When noise occurs, the instrument will record the waveform before and after the trigger. Adjust the ⒸPOSITION button in the horizontal control area and change the level of the trigger position, will get the inverted delay trigger. It is useful to observe the waveform before the occurrence of the noise.

Example 4: To Reduce the Random Noise on a Signal

If the signal is noisy (Figure 3- 2), set up the oscilloscope to reduce the noise on the waveform and avoid its interference to the signal.

Figure 3- 2 Signal with noise

1. Set the probe and the channel attenuations to 10X.
2. Connect a signal to the oscilloscope and obtain a stable display.
3. Improve the trigger by setting the Coupling. (1) Press the MENU in the Trigger control area. (2) Press Set Up→Coupling→LF Reject or HF Reject

HF Reject (High frequency reject) adds a low pass filter with the -3 dB cut-off point at 150 kHz. Use HF rejects to remove high frequency noise such as AM or FM broadcast stations from the trigger path.

LF Reject (Low frequency reject) adds a high pass filter with the -3 dB cut-off point at 8 kHz. Use LF Reject to remove low frequency signals such as power line noise from the trigger path.

4. To reduce the noise by setting the acquisition type and adjust the waveform intensity.

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(1) If there is noise within the signal and the waveform looks too wide, in this case, choose average acquisition. In this mode the waveform will be thin and easy to observe and measure.

To use average follow these steps.

● Press soft button as Acquire→Acquisition→Average

● Toggle the Averages soft button to select the number of averages that best eliminates the noise from the displayed waveform. It can be adjusted from 2-256. (See Figure 3-3)

Figure 3- 3 Signal without noises

(2) To reduce the noise it can also be achieved by reducing the intensity of the display.

NOTE: It is normal that the refresh rate will slow down when the average acquisition mode is ON.

Example 5: Making Cursor Measurements

There are 22 build-in automatic measurements. They can also be conducted using cursors to make time and voltage measurements of a waveform quickly.

Measure the Peak Frequency of the First Sinc Waveform

To measure the ringing frequency at the rising edge of a signal, do these steps:

1. Press \boxedCursor key to see the Cursor menu.
2. Press \boxedMode to set \boxedManual mode.
3. Press \boxedType to select X.
4. Turn ( ) knob to place cursor A on the first peak of the wave.
5. Turn ( ) knob to place cursor B on the second peak of the wave.

Observe the delta in time and frequency displayed on the screen.

Figure 3- 4 Waveform display

Measure the Amplitude of the First Waveform Peak of the Sinc.

Please follow these steps:

1. Press Cursor key to see the Cursor menu.
2. Press Mode to set Manual mode
3. Press Type to select Y.
4. Turn ( ) knob to place cursor A on the first peak of the wave.
5. Turn ( ) knob to place cursor B on the second peak of the wave.

Observe the following measurements in the cursor menu: (See Figure 3-5)

• The delta voltage (peak-to-peak voltage of the waveform)
• The voltage at Cursor 1
• The voltage at Cursor 2

Figure 3- 5 Waveform display

Example 6: The application of the X-Y operation

V iewing Phase Changes through a Network

Theme: Connect the oscilloscope to monitor the input and output of the circuit and capture the phase changes.

To view the input and output of the circuit in an X-Y display, do these steps:

1. From the probe menu set the attenuation to 10X. Set the switch to 10X on the probes.
2. Connect the CH 1 probe to the input of the network, and connect the CH 2 probe to the output.
3. If the channels are not displayed, press the CH1 and CH2 buttons.
4. Press the AUTO button
5. Adjust the vertical SCALE knob to display approximately the same amplitude signals on each channel
6. Press the MENU in horizontal control area to display the menu
7. Press the Time Base soft button to select X-Y

The oscilloscope displays a Lissajous pattern representing the input and output characteristics of the circuit

8. Adjust the vertical SCALE and POSITION knobs to a desirable waveform display.
9. Apply the Ellipse method to observe the phase difference between the two channels.

(See Figure 3-6)

Figure 3- 6 Ellipse method to observe the phase difference

Sinθ = A/B or C/D, where θ = phase shift (in degrees) between the two signals. From the formula above, you could get: $ \theta = ±\arcsine (A/B) or ±\arcsine (C/D) $ If the main axis of the ellipse is at I and III quadrant, θ must be in the range of (0\sim\pi/2) or (3\pi/2\sim2\pi). If the main axis is at II and IV quadrant, θ must be in the range of (\pi/2\sim\pi) or (\pi\sim3\pi/2).

Example 7: Triggering on a Video Signal

Test a video circuit in the DVD set. Use video trigger to obtain a stable display.

Triggering on Video Fields

To trigger on the video fields, please do as the following steps:

1. Press the MENU key in the Trigger control area to see the Trigger menu.
2. Press Mode to select Video mode.
3. Press Source to select CH1 as trigger source.
4. Press Polarity to select [Icon].
5. Press Sync as Odd Field or Even Field.
6. Adjust the LEVEL to set trigger level at the video sync pulse to get stable trigger.
7. Turn the horizontal SCALE knob to see a complete waveform on the screen.

Figure 3- 7 Waveform display

The oscilloscope triggers on the Odd field or Even field. To avoid confusion when Odd field and Even field trigger simultaneously, choose Odd field or Even field as in step 5 above.

3-10 © 2008 RIGOL Technologies, Inc.

Triggering on the Video Lines

1. Press the MENU key in the Trigger control area to see the trigger menu.
2. Press Mode to select Video.
3. Press Source to select CH1 as trigger source.
4. Press Polarity to select \sqcup.
5. Press Sync to select Line Num.
6. Turn ( ) knob to trigger on a specified line number.
7. Adjust the LEVEL to set trigger level at the video sync pulse to get a stable trigger.
8. Turn the horizontal SCALE knob to observe a complete waveform on the screen.

Figure 3- 8 Waveform display

Example 8: FFT Cursor measurement

FFT measurements include: Amplitude measurement (Vrms or dBVrms) and Frequency measurement (Hz).

Do these steps as follow:

1. Press \boxedCursor \rightarrow Manual.
2. Press \boxedType to select X or Y.
3. Press \boxedSource to select FFT.
4. Turn (\circlearrowleft) knob to move the cursor to an interesting point.

Figure 3- 9 The example of Cursor measuring FFT amplitude

Figure 3- 10 The example of Cursor measuring FFT frequency

3-12 © 2008 RIGOL Technologies, Inc.

Example 9: Pass/Fail Test

When running test function the oscilloscope automatically examines the input signal, compared to the already built waveform mask. If the waveform "touches" the mask, a "Fail" occurs, otherwise the test passes. When needed, a programmable output can be used for external automatic control applications, such as the automatic failure product kick-out in a production line. The output is built in as a standard feature, and is optically isolated.

Do the steps as following:

1. Press Utility \rightarrow Pass/Fail.
2. Press Enable Test and select ON.
3. Press Mask Setting \rightarrow Load.
4. Press Load to recall the saved mask or press X Mask and Y Mask to adjust the horizontal limit and vertical limit then press Create Mask to create a new mask.
5. Press Output to select the expected outputting waveforms.
6. Press Operate to start the test.

Figure 3- 11 Waveform display

Example 10: Triggering on a Digital Signal

The triggering way, especially to the Digital Signal, which the Pattern and Duration triggering are use for to carry on when triggering system was being used. The two triggering ways are only allowed to a digital signal.

Pattern

Do the steps as following:

1. Press the MENU key in the triggering control area to see the trigger menu
2. Press Mode to select Pattern mode
3. Turn ( )knob to select the channel you want to set
4. Press Code to set Code Setting (H, L, X, , or )
5. Press Sweep to select trigger mode to: Auto, Normal, or Single
6. Press Set Up to adjust the Holdoff time.

Figure 3- 12 Pattern Trigger on a digital signal

Duration

Do the steps as following:

1. Press the MENU key in the triggering control area to see the trigger menu
2. Press Mode to select Duration mode
3. Turn (knob) to select the channel you want to set
4. Press Code to set Code Setting (H, L, or X)
5. Press Qualifier to set time limit terms
6. Press Time to set duration and limit symbol time
7. Press Sweep to select trigger mode to: Auto, Normal, or Single
8. Press Set Up to adjust the Holdoff time.

Figure 3- 13 Duration Trigger on a digital signal

Figure 3- 14 Duration Trigger on a digital signal

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Chapter 4 Troubleshooting

1. After the oscilloscopes is powered on, the screen remains dark (no display): (1) Check the power cable connection. (2) Check if the power switch is turned on. (3) After the above inspection, restart the oscilloscope. (4) If the problem still remains, please contact RIGOL for help.

2. After the signal acquisition the waveform does not appear: (1) Check if the probes are correctly connected with the signals. (2) Check if the probes are firmly connected to the channels. (3) Check if the probes are correctly connected with the object being tested. (4) Check if the circuit can generate signal at the test point (Connect the probe compensator output to an input channel to confirm whether the testing point has no signal or the input channel is in some troubles). (5) Repeat the acquisition.

3. The measurement result is 10 times higher or lower than the value expected. Check if the probe attenuation is the same as the channel attenuation.

4. If the oscilloscope does not get a stable waveform display: (1) Check the Trigger Source and notice if it is set to the channel in use. (2) Check the Trigger Type. Use “Edge” for normal signals, and use “Video” for VIDEO signals. (3) Switch the coupling into HF Rejection or LF Rejection in order to filter the noise which disturbs trigger. (4) Adjust the trigger Sensitivity and the hold off time.

5. After pressing the RUN/STOP button, the oscilloscope does not display any waveform on screen. Check whether the Trigger Mode is set to “Normal” or “Single” and see whether the trigger level is out of the signal range. If yes, set the trigger level in

User’s Guide for DS1000E, DS1000D Series

proper range by turning the LEVEL knob or pressing the 50% button. Or set the Trigger Mode as “AUTO”. Moreover, push AUTO button to display the waveform on screen.

6. After the Acquisition is set to “Averages” or Display Persistence is set ON, the waveform refreshes slowly. It is normal in these settings.

7. The signal is displayed as ladder like waveform. (1) The time base setting maybe is too low. Turn the horizontal SCALE knob to increase horizontal resolution to improve the display. (2) Maybe the display Type is set to “Vectors” set it to “Dots” mode to improve the display.

User’s Guide for DS1000E, DS1000D Series

Chapter 5 Specifications

All specifications apply to DS1000E, DS1000D Series Oscilloscopes unless where noted. To come up to these specifications, two conditions must be met firstly:

• The instrument must have been operated continuously for 30 minutes under the specified operating temperature.
• Do perform Self Calibration operation through the Utility menu, if the range of operating temperature variations up to or more than 5°C.

NOTE: All specifications are guaranteed unless where marked “typical”.

Specifications

Acquisition

Inputs

Horizontal

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Vertical

© 2008 RIGOL Technologies, Inc. User’s Guide for DS1000E, DS1000D Series 5-3

Trigger

Edge Trigger

| Edge Trigger Slope | Rising, Falling, Rising + Falling |

Pulse Width Trigger

Video Trigger

| Video Standard & Line Frequency | Support for standard NTSC, PAL and SECAM broadcast systems. Line number range: 1525 (NTSC) and 1625 (PAL/SECAM) |

Slope Trigger

User’s Guide for DS1000E, DS1000D Series

Measurements

Remarks:

[1] When sampling is 1GSa/s, only single channel can be used.

[2] For DS1000D Series

© 2008 RIGOL Technologies, Inc. 5-5 User’s Guide for DS1000E, DS1000D Series

General Specifications

Display

Probe Compensator Output

Power

Environmental

Mechanical

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© 2008 RIGOL Technologies, Inc. 5-7 User’s Guide for DS1000E, DS1000D Series

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Chapter 6 Appendix

Appendix A: Accessories

Standard Accessories:

● Probe×2 (1.5m), (1:1 or 10:1 adjustable) Passive Probes The passive probes have a 6MHz bandwidth with a rating of 150V CAT II when the switch is in the 1X position, and a Full oscilloscope bandwidth with a rating of 300 V CAT II when the switch is in the 10X position.

● A Power Cord that fits the standard of destination country ● A Data Cable (only for DS1000D series) ● A Active Logic Head (only for DS1000D series) ● 20 Logic Testing Nips (only for DS1000D series) ● 20 Logic Testing leads (only for DS1000D series) ● A Quick Guide

Optional Accessories:

● USB Cable ● BNC Cable ● RS232 Cable ● USB-GPIB Adapter ● DS1000E, DS1000D Soft Carrying Case

All accessories (standard and optional) are available by contacting your local RIGOL office.

Appendix B: Warranty

RIGOL warrants that the product mainframe and product accessories will be free from defects in materials and workmanship within the warranty period.

If a product proves defective within the respective period, RIGOL guarantees free replacement or repair of any defective products within a reasonable period of time. To get repair service, please contact with your nearest RIGOL sales or service office.

There is no other warranty, expressed or implied, except such as is expressly set forth herein or other applicable warranty card. There is no implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Under no circumstances shall RIGOL be liable for any consequential, indirect, ensuing or special damages for any breach of warranty in any case.

Appendix C: Care and Cleaning

General Maintenance

Do not store or leave the instrument in where the instrument will be exposed to direct sunlight for long periods of time.

Caution

To avoid damages to the instrument or probes, do not expose them to liquids which have causticity.

Cleaning

Clean the instrument and probes regularly based on its operating conditions requires. To clean the exterior surface, perform the following steps:

1. Disconnect the instrument from all power sources.
2. Clean the external surfaces of the instrument with a soft cloth dampened with mild detergent or water. When cleaning the LCD, take care to avoid scarifying it.

WARNING: To avoid injury resulting from short circuit, make sure the instrument is completely dry before reconnecting into a power source.

Appendix D: Contact Us

If you have any problem or requirement when using our products or this manual, please contact RIGOL. E-mail: service@rigol.com Website: www.rigol.com

Index

• 50% ........ 1-18, 2-34

• AC Coupling ........ 2-3

• AC Line ........ 2-51

• Accessories ........ 6-1, 6-2

• Acquisition ........ 5-2

• Alternative Trigger ........ 2-42

• Appendix ........ 6-1, 6-4

• AUTO ........ 2-102, 2-103

• Auto Trigger ........ 2-51

• Automatic Measurement ........ 2-88

• Average Acquisition ........ 2-56

• Bandwidth Limit ........ 2-5

• Blackman Window ........ 2-12

• Channel Coupling ........ 2-3

• Cleaning ........ 6-3

• Coarse/Fine ........ 1-14, 2-9

• Cursor ........ 2-95

• Cursor Measurements ........ 2-95, 3-6

• DC Coupling ........ 2-4

• Display ........ 5-6

• Display System ........ 2-57

• Duration Trigger ........ 2-47

• Edge Trigger ........ 2-36

• Envelope ........ 2-56

• Equivalent Sampling ........ 2-56

• Ext and Ext/5 ........ 2-51

• Factory Setup ........ 2-65

• FFT ........ 2-11

• FORCE ........ 1-18, 2-34

• Front panel ........ 1-3

• Functional check ........ 1-7

• GND Coupling ........ 2-4

• Hamming Window ........ 2-12

• Hanning Window ........ 2-12

• HF Reject ........ 2-52

• Horizontal ........ 5-2

• I/O setup ........ 2-69

• Inputs ........ 5-2

• Instant Execute Key ........ 2-102

• Invert a waveform ........ 2-9

• Language ........ 2-70

• LEVEL ........ 2-34

• LF Reject ........ 2-52

• Math ........ 2-10

• Measurements ........ 5-5

• Normal Trigger ........ 2-51

• Nyquist Frequency ........ 2-13

• Optional ........ 6-1

• Pattern Trigger ........ 2-46

• Power ........ 5-6

• Pretrigger ........ 2-52

• Probe Attenuation ........ 2-6

• Probe compensation ........ 1-9

• Probe Compensator ........ 5-6

• Pulse Trigger ........ 2-37

• Random Noise ........ 3-4

• Realtime Sampling ........ 2-56

• Rectangle Window ........ 2-12

• REF ........ 2-14

• Roll Mode Display ........ 2-29

• RUN/STOP ........ 2-102

• Sampling System ........ 2-53

• Save and Recal ........ 2-59

• Self- Calibration ........ 2-84

• Single Trigger ........ 2-52

• Slope Trigger ........ 2-39

• STORAGE ........ 2-59

• Sync Pulses ........ 2-41

User’s Guide for DS1000E, DS1000D Series

• Trigger ........ 5-4

• Trigger Control ........ 1-17

• Trigger System ........ 2-34

• UTILITY ........ 2-67

• Vertical ........ 5-3

• Vertical System ........ 2-2

• Vertical Window ........ 1-13

• Video Trigger ........ 2-40

• X-Y ........ 2-29

• Y-T ........ 2-29

2 User’s Guide for DS1000E, DS1000D Series