SMPS Behaviour at low supply voltages

Sep 10, 2023 Last reply: 2 years ago 9 Replies

Gentlemen,



An app note I was referred to recently (Nichicon source IIRC) stated that even new electrolytic caps should have their oxide layer reformed before being put into service if they've been on the shelf for as little as 12 months. They suggested doing this by charging them to 90% of max stated voltage via a 1k resistor and leaving them fully charged for 30 minutes. thereafter. This gives the oxide layer a chance to reform, they say. It's actually quite a rapid charge in most cases and certainl much faster than we would use for bringing vintage/NOS caps back to a serviceable condition. But for convenience you can't beat it. Anyway, cut a long story short. Previously I've brought old test gear back to life by manually bringing the supply voltage up via a variac and monitoring the current for any 'abberent behaviour' which is rather time consuming. In future I think I'll just use a 10k say resistor in the hot wire and leave it to its own devices, plugged in and switched on for 12 hours. That should be suitably kind to vintage equipment. But then I thought - would this still work if the equipment in question had an SMPS? It's fine for linear PSUs, but SMPS? Anyone care to offer an informed opinion?



CD.


We don't do that in production, and we surely have caps in stock that are several years old. I think elec caps are much better than they used to be.

This gives the oxide layer a chance to

We don't do that in production, and we surely have caps that are several years old. I think elec caps are much better than they used to be.

I'm afraid neither you nor John (undoubtedly august personages that you are) have actually answered the question....

You can refer to MIL-HDBK-1131 for electrolytic cap storage and reformation recommendations.

They suggest limiting current to 5mA, below the rated voltage of the part, as the control during reforming.

RL

Isn't the app note talking about reforming individual capacitors? In a completed piece of equipment you'd need to do that to each capacitor. Possibly even having to unsolder at least one lead. Imagine an electrolytic bypassing a low value emitter resistor in an amplifier - a

10K resistor there would have no chance against that in-circuit load.

If you mean putting 10k in series with the mains supply then the short answer is NO. The first capacitor after the rectifier may see a little voltage but I doubt the supply would startup and certainly no other downstream capacitors would get reformed.

piglet

Yes.

Oh bugger. I hadn't thought of that.Thanks, Piglet.

Good idea. The Larkin's advice is worth exactly what you paid for it.

-------------------------------

** IMO allowing PSU electros to ever go over voltage is piss poor design.

At some stage during production testing or regular servicing, tube based items may need to be operated on test with some or all the tubes removed - in which case a 30 second time limit is absurdly brief. Supply voltages, negative grid bias voltages and drive signals need to be verified to be within tolerance BEFORE expensive new tubes are installed. When some a problem emerges, one does not need the clock ticking before PSU electros turn into firecrackers to worry about during trouble shooting.

...... Phil

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