I have an ICSP programmer supplied by the target circuit and I use a PNP (2N2907) transistor as a reverse polarity protection. I put the emitter to the target +5V, the base to ground through a 1K resistor, and the collector feeds the programmer. I have roughly 0.02V drop out in the transistor, better than a Schottky (I need that low dropout). Reversing the supply connection gives no output and is still below the maximum Veb.
The programmer draws about 10mA but... there is a 100uF decoupling cap. I fear that, when I connect the power, the current surge to charge the cap may slowly destroy the transistor. Unless the hfe, going lower as the current increases, will protect the transistor somehow..... I know the transistor has 600mA continuous capability, probably more in surge or pulse mode, but there is no figure of this in the datasheet.
Will the transistor survive in the long run?
Joer