effective capacitance

Feb 28, 2006 4 Replies

What is the effective dielectric constant for a parallel-plate constructed as follows:



| | | | | |



-----| E1 | E2 |----- | | | | | |


where both section have the same thickness for simplicity. I don't think you can averga E1 and E2, correct?



The reason I ask is because I am curious about what the effective capacitance of a non-conducting pipe-wall would be if the measuring electrode was "stood-off" from the pipe using a low-dielectric material with the same thickness as the pipe (again, the same thickness assuming here is for simplicity).



Thanks.



It's two capacitors in series. Imagine a thin conducting surface between E1 and E2. For equal size plates on both ends, and assuming no fringing effects around the edges, C1 is proportional to E1/t1 and C2 is proportional to E2/t2, where E1 and E2 are the permittivities (or relative dielectric constants) and t1 and t2 are the plate spacings or thincknesses. Since the net capacitance is C1*C2/(C1+C2), the net capacitance is proportional to E1E2/(E1*t2+E2*t1). That can be rewritten as 1/(t2/E2 + t1/E1). In other words, you can average the

1/E values, weighted by the thicknesses. (This also applies to the case where the dielectrics are in a homogenous mixture, such as the foam dielectrics commonly used in coaxial cables.)

Sanity check: if you have equal thicknesses and E1=999*E2, averaging the permittivities yields 500*E2. But clearly the capacitance cannot be more than that of just the E2 section alone.

Cheers, Tom

If you do the ascii-art thing please use fixed-point font, and no tabs.

Your three-plate structure, with the middle plate floating, should pretty much have the same capacitance as the left-to-middle capacitor in series with the middle-to-right capacitor. You'll have some direct coupling from left to right through fringe effects, but by and large you should be able to estimate the capacitance.

I assume you don't really have a conductor in the middle, but are just trying to break the problem down in approved engineering fashion. I expect the answer will be substantially the same with or without that conductor.

Tim Wescott Wescott Design Services http://www.wescottdesign.com Posting from Google? See http://cfaj.freeshell.org/google/

Thanks. My worry was just that: the legitimacy of breaking down the problem by assuming that conductor in the center. From the responses I've seen here looks like it Ok. Thanks guys.

Thanks. My worry was just that: the legitimacy of breaking down the problem by assuming that conductor in the center. From the responses I've seen here looks like it Ok. Thanks guys.

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