Okay. Let's do this. This thread has gotten way too long, with way too little info given. It's an easy fix. First, determine that the fan is fixable: spin the blades by hand. If they do NOT turn freely, then probably a fix is possible. If spin easily, the problem is electrical and a lost cause.
Look at the fan. On one side is usually an adhesive paper label. When you peel that off, you expose the inner hub where the bearings reside. Squirt some sort of solvent in there (I've used WS 40, contact cleaner, LPS, Liquid Wrench or brake cleaner). Turn the fan blade until it moves freely. At this point, I usually connect to power and let the fan spin for several seconds, to work the solvent into the bearings.
Dump out the solvent and repeat. Blow all the excess solvent out. Replace with a few drops of light oil (like 'Three-in-One). Seal the hole with the original label. Add some tape for security (make sure to thoroughly clean the surface of the hub, or the tape/label will not stick).
It should power up now. Use a car battery for your 12v source. If it doesn't, see how far you can throw it....
BTW, this is more mechanical than electrical, if that makes it less intimidating for the OP.
jak