Those aren't due to the resistor values. 80 Ohms is not perfect, but close enough. Your logic analyzer will quite certainly not be able to spot the the backlash from such slightly off termination, anyway.
Approximation is bad news. Being off by 20/500 = 4% between CAN controllers' t_q clocks means pretty much guaranteed failure on CAN bus. Depending on your bus timing parameters, you'll want to be off by less than 1% --- and the longer the bus, the closer the match has to be. If remotely possible design all CAN t_q lengths on the bus to be the same. It can be necessary to use a separate CAN controller with its own quartz to this end, if you don't have a choice for the CPU's main clock.
This really would be a good time for you to step back from the hardware for a while; sit down with the CAN spec or a CAN textbook, and learn your way through it. Don't just read it, work it. You could start with your oscilloscope trace and actually parse it by hand. Find out what each and every bit of that signal means. If you don't invest in this learning, you risk getting yourself even deeper into a situation where you're creating problems faster than you solve them.