I am a complete newbie in electronics and am about to start some 5V digital CMOS and TTL IC projects. Do I have to worry about any safety issues, such as resistors catching on fire or electrolytic capacitors exploding if the wrong voltage polarity is applied? Anything else that could go wrong that I should be concerned about? Thank you.
With a small wall-wart type power supply, or any supply that current-limits below an amp or so, there's no danger... maybe a tiny puff of smoke if you toast a resistor or something. No DC voltage below 48 will do more than tickle slightly.
Anything connected to the AC line should be properly constructed (UL/CE marked) and grounded if designed for such.
Go for it!
John
Resistors are not generally much of a worry. Capacitors, however, can be dangerous along the lines you mentioned. Tantalum caps are notorious for going bang if they've been wired up backwards, or if you exceed their voltage rating.
The way to avoid problems is to watch what the frell you're doing! ;-) It is inevitable that you're going to make mistakes. ALL techs do, even guys like me who have been at it for 20+ years.
The right way to approach it is to do the best you can not to goof, of course, but also to LEARN from your mistakes and know that, at some point, some of those impromptu lessons are going to be expensive ones. That's just the risks one faces in the world of electronics.
Happy tinkering. The world can always use more tinkerers. Have you considered getting your amateur radio license?
Keep the peace(es).
-- Dr. Anton T. Squeegee, Director, Dutch Surrealist Plumbing Institute. (Known to some as Bruce Lane, ARS KC7GR, kyrrin (a/t) bluefeathertech[d=o=t]calm -- www.bluefeathertech.com "If Salvador Dali had owned a computer, would it have been equipped with surreal ports?"
Use some kind of glasses when working with any kind of engineering, protective glasses or magnifying glasses, for example. Cheap reading glasses, strength +0.5 or +1.0, are very useful when working with electronics.
When working with high or unknown voltages, keep one hand in your pocket and wear insulating shoes.
Electricity can only hurt you seriously if current finds a path through you body. If you only use one hand you do not give the current a chance to go through your body. Don't lean with your other hand against the kitchen sink while measuring mains voltages :-)
Remember that current makes the muscles cramp, so you cannot simply let go of a tool or a wire.
My father who was an electrician told me about when he was caught in a serious situation once. He had climbed 7 meters high on a pole and was trying to cut an insulated wire. The wire should have been disconnected but it wasn't, so when he got through the insulation he got current through his body because his climbing gear touched some grounding wire.
He could not let go of the wire cutter because his muscles cramped, and he felt his mind was going black. He knew that the only way out was to cut through the wire completely.
He slowly woke up again, found himself hugging the pole with both arms to avoid falling backwards, breaking both his legs and falling. He had managed to cut through the wire before passing out completely.
As long as you use only low voltages, under 50 Volt, you don't have to worry about such problems, but it doesn't hurt to be aware of them.
-- Roger J.
digital
INothing to worry about. Just be wary of 'lytics (more esp' Tant's), they can go with a helluva bang. Guy I know buggered the lens in one eye when a reverse connected 47u was powered up with 5V. At the time he was a bit short sighted and peering a couple of inch above the PCB. (now short of sight :-)
- for protection against reverse polarity ALWAYS put a diode anti-parallel with the power-supply on the board (it NORMALLY never conducts this way, only if supply is reversed)
- for current limitation use a limited power supply
- elco's (especially tantalium) might go off with a bang if too high ripple frequency passes through them
- ic's themselves might explode, had 2 or 3 in 24 years or so, so NEVER go peeking a circuit too close if testing
With a small wall-wart type power supply, or any supply that current-limits below an amp or so, there's no danger... maybe a tiny puff of smoke if you toast a resistor or something. No DC voltage below 48 will do more than tickle slightly.
Anything connected to the AC line should be properly constructed (UL/CE marked) and grounded if designed for such.
Go for it!
John
The lowest recorded fatlaity with DC was at only 12V! personally, I've never felet anything tingling below about 75V. Theres a guy in Poland who checks for mains voltage by sticking his fingers into light sockets and feeling for a buzz! EVerybody's differnet! Be safe...nver underestimate the danger of electricy!
-- Fat, sugar, salt, beer: the four essentials for a healthy diet.
series diode won't do the trick if only 5V is available, circuit only gets
4V3 then.... and choice of the parallel diode is always done for a type that never interrupts, but always shorts if destroyed(srry for not bottom posting)
A series diode would be much better. The first time you get it wrong with your parallel diode it could easily be destroyed or destroy the wall wart. The second time you have no protection.
Also bottom posting it the accepted good manners here.
-- John G Wot's Your Real Problem?
Funny you'd mention 48 - the typical on hook voltage that bit the hell out of the inside of my bicep one sweaty day (I usually have to wet my fingertips to feel 90 VAC)
-- Best Regards, Mike
Nearly all warts are current-limited and protected against shorts.
And the diode will make the 5v into 4.3.
John
digital
Imike
In Europe the level of "dangerous" is set to 48V I assume the "biting 48V" you mention did most damage during a short circuit at high current, thus the flash "biting" a piece out of your body parts due to burning and not just "touching" it... I cannot imagine otherwise, since indeed 48V does nothing more as giving an unpleasant feeling
Get youself good and sweaty and let those little solid copper wires with the sharp points from the dikes stab you on the fleshy inside of the bicep and tell me it doesn't bite. WTF is "unpleasant feeling", anyway? Is that a quantifiable amount? Is more than that any *less* unpleasant?
"Bite" - slang for various stuff. "Hot sauce with a bite." "The phone line bit me."
-- Best Regards, Mike
"John Larkin" wrote in message news: snipped-for-privacy@4ax.com...
The OP never said he had a REGULATED 5volt wall wart, to lose .7 volts from, did he?
-- John G Wot's Your Real Problem?
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