I would guess everybody is familar with Chung's research findings in
1998 regarding apparent negative resistance in carbon fiber composites (at room temperature, without a voltage source as required in conventional circuits and throughout all ranges of voltages tested, not just a specific range) ?Allow me to post a source and a short commentary on this:
Deborah D.L. Chung's apparent negative resistance in carbon fiber composites
and an analysis from Frank Znidarsic at
On July 12, 1998 the University of Buffalo announced its discovery:
CARBON COMPOSITES SUPERCONDUCT AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
SUPERCONDUCTION AT ROOM TEMPERATURE: NEGATIVE ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE SEEN IN CARBON COMPOSITES
"LAS VEGAS -- Materials engineers at the University at Buffalo have made two discoveries that have enabled carbon-fiber materials to superconduct at room temperature.
The related discoveries were so unexpected that the researchers at first thought that they were mistaken.
Led by Deborah D.L. Chung, Ph.D., UB professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering, the engineers observed negative electrical resistance in carbon-composite materials, and zero resistance when these materials were combined with others that are conventional, positive resistors.....
This finding of negative resistance flies in the face of a fundamental law of physics: Opposites attract.
Chung explained that in conventional systems, the application of voltage causes electrons -- which carry a negative charge -- to move toward the high, or positive end, of the voltage gradient.
But in this case, the electrons move the other way, from the plus end of the voltage gradient to the minus end....................
"In this case, opposites appear not to attract," said Chung. The researchers are studying how this effect could be possible.".........
..............A patent application has been filed on the invention. Previous patents filed by other researchers on negative resistance have been limited to very narrow ranges of the voltage gradient.
In contrast, the UB researchers have exhibited negative resistance that does not vary throughout the entire gamut of the voltage gradient."7
Electrical engineers know that when electrons "move toward the high, or positive end, of the voltage gradient" power is produced. Have the University of Buffalo scientists discovered how to produce electricity directly from a zero point process?
Questions would be:
1) Is there a way to measure resistance (or conductance) in a circuit without using a conventional voltmeter or ohmmeter which all of them inject a tiny voltage into the circuit and then measure the return voltage loss (or gain) to determine the resistance ?I am starting to develop a theory that the tiny voltage that conventional measuring instruments like voltmeters or ohmmeters inject into the circuit are what provides the voltage source in Chung's composite to allow it to behave as a negative resistor.
This is the reason I would like to see if there is a way to measure the resistance or conductance without using any voltage or current.
2) I am creating a compound carbon composite device based on Chung's work with my son to exhibit at the city wide science fair. Any suggestions would be appreciated as to circuit layout or as to incredibly small current / voltage draw devices that might be integrated into a circuit with this carbon fiber composite in order to attempt "tune" it to yield electrical flow as long as possible while showing off visibily or audibly that the circuit is still energized ?One fellow suggested I use a proper value capacitor in series with a tiny battery and a pot "tunable" resistor in some manner combined with an Ultra Low Power LED Flasher which draws only 6 microamps from a 3v supply. He suggested I tune the pot resistor to zero resistance or slight negative resistance then somehow pull the battery out of the circuit and just let it run. I 've been searching and could not find a circuit that drew less power than this one at 6 microamps yet still had a nice visual or audible display. Heck, if I could find a LED or "visual displaying" circuit that only drew nanoamps at 3 V I'd use it, but I have not seen such.
Of course the voltmeter or ampmeter I would have in the display of the circuit to show the values would be contributing a tiny voltage and I'd have to account for that properly in the total mix.
I've been searching circuits trying to put together something to create something to show off the rather startling quality of this compound carbon composite "room temperature" negative resistor in a novel circuit (interestingly, it does not rely upon a microscopic hot cathode inside the device which bleeds away valuable energy as thermal losses either as do most conventional devices such as tunnel diodes, gunn diodes, etc).
If the battery was removed and the capacitor was of a rather insignificant farad value then any potential detractors would not be able to claim that the circuit was merely using the stored energy in the capacitor (after several hours) .