t hypotheses, and theoreticians who mainly develop models to explain existi ng data and predict new results.
Theory does tend to drive experiment. If you don't suspect something might be going on, you don't look for it.
zation, there is no need to publish or patent it.
Not from the short-term profit perspective.
ote external funding, salary and university profit even if many have no use ful external value.
Science rewards good publications, but the question of whether a publicatio n is good isn't instantly obvious. There was an appreciable gap between the dsicovery of penicillin and the realisation that it could be mass produced as a useful antibiotic.
od scientists and those PhD's who are just proving they learned what others already know are just scientists-in-training.
You are supposed to do original work to get a Ph.D. Graduate students are s cientist-in-training, but they do real science (on the cheap) while they ar e getting trained.
olumes with low defect rates is a much bigger challenge that requires exper ienced scientists.
That doesn't come into it. Ph.D.students are supervised to make sure that t hey don't get stuff wrong.
ld and test it. But then when it failed they had to fix the designs. Ever y success is built on many failures unless you are brilliant. I worked with many brilliant Engineers, one who was studying to become a Rabbi. In 3 day s he wrote all the code to test his motherboard with all the analog modem a nd digital inputs and outputs in loopback and it worked 1st time for fault detection and isolation functional testing. I'd call him a great engineer and scientist. (no publishing needed).
You might, but you would be wrong. Publication is central to science, and i f you don't know the published literature in your field, you aren't doing s cience.
Engineering is getting stuff to work. Science is knowing how it works, and seeing it in the context of the other similar stuff that also works in that area.
William Whewell seems to have coined the word "science" in 1834 at the time when organisations like the Royal Society were formnalising the process of publishing scientific papers. You need to read a bit more history.