Hi
I am working on a US variant on a small pump (below 75W)
But, I am unable to find the percentage of distribution of different US mains voltage
My guess is that most is 115V, but I have also heard about 208V (phase phase), and 240V (120V, 180 degrees phase inverted)
Any inputs of how much is 115V grid, how much 208, how much 240V?
Thanks
Klaus
Go with 120V single phase. Residential power here is mostly 2-phase, so that you can have an electric stove or clothes dryer working on 240V. Getting 208V requires a 3-phase service, which is common in commercial installations but not elsewhere.
Round here, requiring three-phase power for a 75 W pump would get you a bit of a reputation. ;)
Cheers
Phil Hobbs
-- Dr Philip C D Hobbs Principal Consultant ElectroOptical Innovations LLC / Hobbs ElectroOptics Optics, Electro-optics, Photonics, Analog Electronics Briarcliff Manor NY 10510 http://electrooptical.net http://hobbs-eo.com
As Phil says, go for the 115V version. Actually, most of us get about 120 to 125V on our ac outlets. Most of them have 15A breakers. Only a few in my house are 20A. Although we have 230V (140 to 250V) in the house, it's all tied up in dedicated electrician wiring, e.g., to oven, HVAC, hot water, drier. That's why our cordless kettles are 1.5kW, rather than 3kW like the rest of you. My 8.5kW solar roof is 230V, has 34 250W microinverters.
--
Thanks,
- Win
Interesting, newer flats in Poland are customarily equipped with 3 phase
400VAC, with houses it has always (= including the Commie-dy Central times) been like that, I believe.Best regards, Piotr
+1
That covers not only 99% of residential, but also most commercial, industrial, etc, which would have it available too. Exceptions would be something like a pump shack, where you might only have 240V or
3 phase, etc.
Oh boy, has that lead to a lot of arguments. I agree with you, that it in fact is two phases, one 180 out of phase with the other. But in the trade it's called split-phase and most electrician types will argue all day that it's not two phase, that two phase was 90 deg, etc, etc, etc. It's called split-phase because it originates from one of the three primary distribution phases. But once split, you do have two phases that are
180 out of phase, which is the same thing as opposite polarity.
Voltage in just about all of the US has been spec'd at 120V/240V not 115V/230V for half a century or more.
Actually, most
Whoey Louie wrote in news: snipped-for-privacy@googlegroups.com:
Pump shacks have standard wall outlets as well. They don't just wire up the pumps and work in a dark room.
And what's the allowed range? In Poland it is 230V +6%/-10%, in the EU I think 230V +/- 10%.
Best regards, Piotr
400 line to neutral? Even line-line, that is a lot of volts. Are there step-down transformers before outlets?
Where would people buy gadgets that run off 400?
-- John Larkin Highland Technology, Inc lunatic fringe electronics
Residential/Commercial/industrial sites always have 120 available, usually close to actual 120 volts. The 3-phase connections are various. 120 3-phase wye is 208 l-l, and the 120/240 "stinger" single-phase version is 240 l-l, with neutral being the ct of one l-l pair.
-- John Larkin Highland Technology, Inc lunatic fringe electronics
400V line to line, 230V line to neutral, 120 degrees phase shift.
Not really, however the 400V equipment uses much more robust plugs/outlets or is directly wired, without the plug.
If it looks big and heavy, that's because it is.
Actually, there are many of them. Stoves and furnaces, water heaters, agricultural equipment. Some of them are truly 3-phase, some of them are 3 independent 1-phase units in a single enclosure, designed that way in order not to overload the sinlge phase wiring.
Best regards, Piotr
torsdag den 31. oktober 2019 kl. 15.47.57 UTC+1 skrev snipped-for-privacy@highlandsniptechnology.com:
230V phase to neutral, 400V phase to phasewater heaters, AC, welders, bigger stationary power tools
On Thursday, October 31, 2019 at 4:33:20 AM UTC-4, snipped-for-privacy@gmail.com wro te:
ains voltage
ase), and 240V (120V, 180 degrees phase inverted)
A large percentage of commercial installations are 208 volts rather than 24
I know I have seen some chargers at 240 volts, but I can't remember a singl e one.
-- Rick C. - Get 1,000 miles of free Supercharging - Tesla referral code - https://ts.la/richard11209
On Thursday, October 31, 2019 at 4:33:20 AM UTC-4, snipped-for-privacy@gmail.com wro te:
ains voltage
ase), and 240V (120V, 180 degrees phase inverted)
BTW, not sure what you think is going on with the voltages when you call it "115V grid". The power to residences is 240 volts, split phase meaning ne utral is grounded with each of the two "hot" wires of opposite polarity at
120 V. So in the house outlets are typically 120 volts. Commercial facili ties can be fed with 240 volts, but often are 3 phase with 208 volts betwee n the legs.To me "grid" refers to the high voltage power lines.
-- Rick C. + Get 1,000 miles of free Supercharging + Tesla referral code - https://ts.la/richard11209
How do you get 240 volts to run appliances? Or do they make yet another voltage capable set of devices?
-- Rick C. -- Get 1,000 miles of free Supercharging -- Tesla referral code - https://ts.la/richard11209
Do residential water heaters actually run on three phase? That would require three heating elements rather than one. Or do they actually make a three phase heating element?
-- Rick C. -+ Get 1,000 miles of free Supercharging -+ Tesla referral code - https://ts.la/richard11209
You simply wire the neutral and any phase you like to the outlet. In older blocks of flats they used to route the phases in a round-robin fashion to different flats in hope of balancing the 3-phase 15kV/380V transformer. Now they don't seem to care.
Technically yes, but this is the default set of plugs/outlets. The 400V case is considered special and often there is no single outlet
-- the devices use fixed, direct wiring to the cable embedded in the wall. These outlets are usually external to allow bigger devices located in the backyard to be connected. This is mostly in rural areas.
Best regards, Piotr
Some do, some don't. You can buy anything you like. I think there are 3 internal heaters inside, that is the star connection of heating elements. That way you can have a universal 230V heating element, good for either application. Best regards, Piotr
So the current is very limited on this 400 volt power? With US heaters the y get some 4500 to 5500 watts from a 240 volt line. We commonly use up to
40 amps or 9.6 kW for various appliances in the house (mostly the stove). It's hard to imagine a need for three phase power in any appliances. What wattages are used in residences there that require three phase power?-- Rick C. +- Get 1,000 miles of free Supercharging +- Tesla referral code - https://ts.la/richard11209
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