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tosensitive layer on the individual die? This is really backward stuff. Pat hetic actually. All morons know how to do is scale.

any kind of direct write. I spent a couple of years in the mid-1980's work ing on a "shaped-beam" electron beam microfabricator (which would have work ed, but was going to cost more to get working than we could afford to inves t)..

Labs shaped beam system, and used it to produce smallish batches of custom integrated circuits, but the Bell Labs machine was a factor of ten slower t han Bell Labs had promised, and couldn't be made to write fast enough to ma ke a profit.

ross the whole wafer?

Our shaped-beam electron beam microfabricator was going to do "write-on-the

-fly".

By the time you've got a laser-interferometer working out where the die is vis-a-vis the image being generated by the writing system it doesn't take m uch extra elaboration to have the image moving at the same rate as the die, and it saves the time required to accelerate and decelerate the die betwee n steps, which you are stuck with in a step and repeat system.

You've got to recogise and locate "reference marks" on the die before you k now where to write anything, but you need them to align successive layers o f the integrated circuit anyway.

The electron beam microfabricator was just an elaborated electron microscop e so finding the reference marks and locating fine detail within them was t rivial.

How optical lithography deals with this is a mystery to me - but Phil may k now.

Scanning tunnelling microscopy has the resolution, but it isn't all that qu ick.

Go on the California exchange, pretend you are plan shopping (costs nothing, no personal identifying data needs to be entered), key in a number slightly under 400% FPL, read the premium to be paid. Then do that again but key in slightly above 400% FPL for income. Read the premium now. If you then still don't understand this I can't help you.

The Fed also didn't see the housing bubble come. I did years before. I was laughed at for that and called "paranoid" by professionals. One of them lost everything including their family home, took them about a decade to dig out of that hole.

That is unfortunately the motivation of just about any politician. Probably not Trump's though, he doesn't need this job.

ROFL!

Then how do you explain this?

It's in German but in essence those are the numbers of people on welfare who either can't find a job or are unwilling to work. Given that there are 80 Million people living in Germany and this number includes kids and retired people these numbers are huge.

That's because public schools are often inefficienct due to union strangleholds. Charter schools offer a way out and luckily we now have some folks in Washington who see to it that such alternatives can thrive.

He needs the admiration that comes from having it. He's a narcissist, and t hinks that nobody else but him is quite so admirably suited to fulfilling t he demands of the job. This isn't true, but Trump and his admirers do get u pset when this pointed out.

You've been reading too many editorials in the US media.

When West Germany reabsorbed East Germany, it took on the job of integratin g people who who had been working in industries where a lot a lot less had been invested per worker than in pre-reunification West Germany. It's take a while and cost a lot of money, and there are still people in what was Eas t Germany who are still unhappy about the kind of work they are offered.

says the unemployment rate is now down to 5.4%.

Ask any charter school advocate. Jim Thompson is similarly enthusiastic abo ut Arizona's charter schools, but they pay their teacher less than the US a verage, and get less experienced teachers in consequence. Pay peanuts. Get monkeys.

The Arizona education system audit (which is available on line) explicitly says that Arizona's system is cheaper than the US average, has less experi enced teachers, and doesn't do as well. Jim's attention seems to be fixed o n the fact that it is cheaper, and doesn't register the fact that it isn't as good.

The US just loves union busting, and the US right wing is particularly enth usiastic about it. Setting up a system that pays teachers less has obvious attractions to people who pay the teacher salaries. It's less attractive to the teachers, and the charter schools get the teachers who can't get work in better paying systems.

This may be a short-sighted economy.

The sure way to avoid having silly ideas is to have no ideas.

We had friends who assumed that their house's value would increase forever, so they kept taking money out for trips and expensive cocktails and stuff. Had to walk away. They are divorced now, and both are renters.

"Professional" economists have less predictive ability than the average Cub Scout. We'd be better off if that Cub Scout ran our monetary policy.

We bought on the dip twice, when nobody else thought the economy would ever recover. We figured, it's always recovered from crashes before, why not again?

The issue is not the basic facts, the issue is how you analyze them to prod uce a faulty conclusion. We've had discussions like this before and it dra gs on and on because you can't see that all the assumptions you make are as sumptions and not logic.

A lot of people saw that the market made no sense. I had been advising a f riend to buy a house around 2002. By 2004 I was no longer so sure. I coul dn't understand what was behind a 50% rise in value in four years. I didn' t see the market crashing the way it did mainly because I didn't have data in front of me. Anyone looking at a graph of housing prices over even a 20 year period would have seen the huge aberration and realized it was a bubb le. Trouble is most people didn't want to look.

Rick C.

The conclusion is not faulty and can be verified with ease in under five minutes. The fact that you do not understand it or aren't willing to go through this simple exercise does not make it faulty.

It's in German but in essence those are the numbers of people on welfare

That's behind a pay wall.

Such official number are largely meaningless and do not reflect the true labor force participation rate.

On average charter schools do better than public ones.

Teachers are paid quite generously in the US in most regions, to a large extent via perks such as juicy retirement benefits.

:-)))

Ok, show me the proof that the ACA cliff is causing a "substatial" drop in the participation rate.

Rick C.

n the participation rate.

You are right that it didn't take me long to find evidence.

"CBO anticipates that the ACA will lead to a net reduction in the supply of labor. In the agency?s judgment, the effects will be most evident in some segments of the workforce and will be small or negligible for most categories of workers."

If you read this with selective vision you will focus on the "net reduction " part ignoring the fact that the overall impact will be small and *NOT* su bstantial.

That was the prediction. Do you have any evidence about the actual result?

Rick C.

And you blindly trust the CBO. I trust what I see and that tells a different story.

From the people I know a large percentage made sure they will uner no circumstances exceed the limit where the health care penalty kicks in. It is simple. People aren't stupid:

The employer mandate did the rest:

And yes, I also met a lot of people whose hours were cut after Obamacare took effect.

The main flaw of Obamacare was that instead of gradually phasing out the subsidies and making the employer mandate more gradual (percentage-wise) they put in a huge cliffs. That was stupid.

Having silly ideas is't a problem, if you work out how to recognise them as silly ideas. John Larkin's enthusiasm for the silly ideas he get fed by cl imate change denial web-sites is a fair indication that his capacity to rec ognise silly idea as silly - it's called critical thinking - isn't up to mu ch.

It wasn't for me. Other newspapers would be rep

Your link was to "official numbers". Was that meaningless too?

That implies that somebody has collected statistics, and you need to provid e a link to those statistics. Charter schools in Arizona clearly don't do a s well as the US national average.

If you've got a situation where concerned parents set up charter schools, c harter schools are likely to better, because the kids of parents concerned and active enough to set up a charter school do better than the children of less engaged parents, pretty much independent of the kind of school involv ed.

Cherry-picking easy to teach students does seem to help charter schools loo k good.

So are engineers. Teaching is a useful skill. The most useful teachers go w here they get well-paid.

ok2014.pdf

most

That's what I figured, more anecdotal BS.

e-Profile

So you have no evidence to support your claim other than your personal expe rience with your tiny corner of the world... as usual.

I don't deny that there is some effect. Everything has some effect. The q uestion is whether it is meaningful. You allow your personal biases to sha pe your opinions without regard to the facts of the world... just your litt le world.

Rick C.

Sure. I know lots of people in that category. More than the penalty, most don't want to fall off the subsidy-handout cliff.

The main flaw was the whole idea. Heaping bogus 'benefits' on people with insurance in order to charge them more, then using that money to buy over-priced insurance for people who don't pay, doesn't reduce the cost or price of over-priced insurance. It just increases demand.

If people simply paid cash for the small stuff and bought major medical insurance to protect against the big stuff, the whole problem would solve itself. Once people are able to shop and start shopping, prices plummet and quality soars.

When people shop, prices drop.

Cheers, James Arthur

ate-Profile

It was done by Democrats, so of course James Arthur thinks that it was stup id, and frames his commentary to make sure that it looks that way.

Demand for health care is pretty inflexible. You are either sick, and in ne ed of health care, or healthy enough to avoid it.

Not in health care. Most people don't know what they are buying, and make a ny choices they do make when they are rather too sick and scared to make go od choices.

Sadly, people don't get to shop for health care. They get sick and try to g et cured.

The free market model of health care suppliers just doesn't work. The deepl y flawed US system doesn't work too well either, and needs to be dumped in favour of the sort of universal health care systems used in every other ad vanced industrial country. Give Australia a miss - it's system has some of the flaws of the US system, though it's neither as bad nor as expensive per head.

Yousa! 4.25 million on unemployment!

The U.S. has 4x the population, and 1.8 million on unemployment.